Identification record of “special settlers” as a historical source

The theme of resettlement and deportation of peoples of the USSR is still not explored enough although there are a lot of documents and scientific publications. However, this repression was the most massive. For ages, Siberia had been the place for deportation of unwanted people for the existing government. It had continued in the soviet period of the country. In the 1920s political exile was the most popular method of dealing with opponents of the Bolsheviks. In Tomsk region (in modern borders) in 1930-1931, 363,238 people or 83,457 families had been resettled. In the first half of the 1930s minor deportations happened. It was done during the pasportisation campaign or eviction of the Roma families from the Moscow region. On the eve of Great Patriotic War, tens of thousands of people were deported from western regions of Ukraine, Belarus, Baltic states and Poland. During the war and after the deportation continued. As of 1 July 1953, there were 79,926 emigrants from different countries living in the region. Tomsk regional museum of local culture implements the project "Siberian special resettlement". This project is dedicated to exiled Soviet citizens and foreigners in the Tomsk region. 21,303 biographies of 61,997 people are published. 15,668 men, 5,535 women, 40,774 children and other family members are named. This search will allow us to carry out researches considering national and social signs, places of exile, follow-up relocation, nature of the charge, family structure, etc. The files are full of different information considering categories of resettles. This work provides reliable information about the flow of "special settlers" and deportees, their placement before moving and after, the reasons for resettlement, their nationality (already known more than 60 representatives of different nations living in the USSR and abroad), the age structure - all this will clearly determine the number of "special settlers" throughout the country. It is important to remember that there were a lot of representatives of the scientific and artistic intelligentsia leaders of political parties. The lives of those people were very important for society. Personal and official correspondence in the form of requests (letters and statements) to authorities and administrations, national leaders, which reveal the living conditions and situation of this period, is of particular interest. In addition, there are other documents that characterize the defendant in the case. This work helps to understand that the cases of "special settlers" consist of objective and reliable information, while the cases of repressed people are falsified. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

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