Favoritism is a way to create a tradition of Russian advinistration (for example, officialsof the 18th - 19th centuries)

The traditional system of hierarchy of power inRussia is reminiscent of the hierarchy of the Eastern despotism, where first-person State was formed a consultative body (the "trustedpeople"), which consisted of those who grew up and was raised with Monarch. The new favoritism of the 18th century was built along thelines of the European States and was not associated with the approach of the people by the quality of the professional Warrior or an official(barbers, captives, tutors, healers, deserters, women). Prince A. Menshikov, a former seller of pies, was favorite of Peter the great, played amajor role in the historical process of formation of the Russian Empire, and after the death of Peter, he tried to join the struggle for thethrone. In the reign of Empress Catherine II favoritism became to the policy of government structures. Structure of favouritism has become akind of ladder (from the throne to favorite - the favorite-favorite-of-close to trusted - visitor in the House). Such a man of hierarchy got"shared" the right to use the power of justice, and even participated in revolt. So when emperor Paul got the forced rotation, even dead-tombof GA Potemkin razed to the ground. However, the inconsistency of the reforms of Paul gave an enormous number of dissatisfied in his"middle circle" - the subjects of State power who came the revolt and killed of Paul (March 12, 1801). Alexander I following the example ofhis father and grandmother, also holds a rotation of favorites whose become V. Kochubei, A. Czartorysky, E. Komarovsky, A. Arakcheev,M. Speransky. Decembrist's revolt was changing format of relations of Emperor and the nobility - situation of General mistrust destroyed ofelite's favoritism. A dual position of a man in state, expands establishment's stright on the areas of the administrative hierarchy, is delegatedfrom aristocracy to the class of apolitical officials whose degree of influence on the case get accordance with the places indicated in theTable of Ranks. In the Court of history almost all of favorites subsequently received a dual evaluation and historians and contemporaries. Forexample Earl E. Komarovsky, Commander of A Corps Internal forces of Russian Empire: people from Catherine's favorite Mamonov, then aconfidant of Prince Konstantin Pavlovich under Emperor Paul, then a favorite of Emperor Alexander. Official historians first praise him, thenthey are mercilessly mauling. Such ambiguity views depend on the changed relationship of an official with the State apparatus and theemperor. Often, being at the peak of a career officer received the most positive assessment, but after the resignation of favorite he had beensubjected to critique and humiliation. The subject-object relationship and the dual position of government official were characterized and laidfurther tradition of administrative institutions in Russia. The tradition of favoritism creates a unique type of official administrator, which wasat the same time and subject to the authority of the State and the entity that implements State power. From point of view of the authors of thisarticle, this feature in an era of absolutism had further profound influence on the formation of the Institute of Russian officials.

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