The correlation of the categories «existence» and «language» in philosophy

Existence is the most important category of philosophy, which finds its formal expression in the language. That is why the correlation of the categories «existence» and «language» remains in the center of scientific interest of linguists and philosophers. In the article the author presents the overview of philosophical views on the correlation of the categories «existence» and «language» since ancient Greek philosophy up to modern analytical philosophy, phenomenology and hermeneutics. The author analyzes the leading foreign and Russian philosophers' (I. Kant, G.W.F. Hegel, E. Husserl, M. Heidegger, H.G. Gadamer, L. Wittgenstein, A.F. Losev) views on language, gives proofs of necessity of language category of existence allocation. It is noted that phenomenology and existentialism, analytic philosophy and hermeneutics came in their research to reveal the essence of language as to the task of thinking. It is concluded that, with all the variety of views on the existence of a philosophy the substantial connection between the category of existence and language is not denied: language is embodied in our awareness of existence. As a language is the primary mean of analysis of the essence category of existence and a way of expression of ideas about existence (including philosophy), it is necessary to mark out the language category of being existence.

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