Homer's theme in the translation of M.N. Muravyov

The article reveals the originality of the translation poetics of M.N. Muravyov excerpts from Homer's poem "Iliad" (I, 1-5; XX, 56-65; XVII, 645-647) in the aspect of traditions of classicism and new trends of sentimentalism. Also shown is the importance of creativity Homer for M.N. Muravv<>v. it analyses semantic, stylistic, rhythmical-metrical parameters of the transfer M.N. Muravyov passages from Homer's poem "Iliad". The article uses philological methods of text interpretation with the involvement of historical, philosophical, literary and aesthetic contexts and with the help of comparative analysis. A poet named Homer is the author of two of the greatest works of antiquity, the poems "Iliad" and "Odyssey". Homer's poems in antiquity are the repository of wisdom, the basis of school education, the heritage of all the people, a symbol of the unity of the Hellenes. M.N. Muravyov knew Latin and ancient Greek languages, and studied all his life the ancient legacy of the original sources. In the first place among the ancient authors, he put Homer. Influence of Homer on the formation of literary tastes M.N. Muravyov is huge. The work of the great Hellenes was mastered by the Russian author through reading and comprehending the works of Homer, through the use of the plots of poems for didactic purposes, as well as through translations. M.N. Muravyov belongs to the first Russian translation of Homer (1778) in the hexameter ("Iliad" I, 1-5), which retained all the key characters, lexical, syntactic and artistic means of Homer: the translation begins with an invocation to the goddess, then it is spoken about the consequences of the wrath of Achilles: that the numerous deaths of the Achaeans, accomplished by the will of Zeus. In 1790 M.N. Muravyov for the second time refers to translations from Homer, including excerpts from XX and XVII songs "Iliad" in his prose work "Emilia letters". These translations are almost verbatim, they demonstrate respect and respect for the original source: all semantic accents are placed, syntactic and artistic means are also equivalent or very close to the original. In rare cases, omitting or changing Homer's figurative means, M.N. Muravyov use their own means of expression, so the overall impression of the artistry of the work does not change. The rhythm of the Greek hexameter successfully transferred to M.N. Muravyov, besides the Majesty and solemnity of the translation of attach frequently used (as in Homer) enjambement. For all three translations characterized by the active use of old Slavs, which is typical in principle for classicism, within the traditions of which M.N. Muravyov, undoubtedly, still is. However, old Slavs and old Slavonic grammatical forms give the poems even more pathos and solemnity, archaic color, which corresponds to the semantics of the beginning and the entire epic of Homer, which tells about the events of the heroic past of the people. M.N. Muravyov admires in Homer not only the talent of the storyteller and poet, but also the ability to clearly and truthfully show the personality of a person in all its complexity and inconsistency, which is close to the writer prone to sentimentalism. In general, we can talk about the special place of the Homeric theme in the life and work of M.N. Muravyov, who brought the ancient author to the Russian reader.

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