La subjetivacion y la metafora ontologica en las construcciones con el verbo de apoyo "fare" en el italiano moderno en comparacion con la situation en espanol

The present paper is dedicated to the support verbs constructions (SVC) with the verb fare in the modern Italian language as compared to the SVC with the verb hacer in the modern Spanish language (both verbs having the general meaning "to do"). The approach taken here is related to the analysis of the role assumed by the subject of action within a special kind of verbal-nominal constructions. The subjectivization proves to be relevant for many SVC. The structures concerned happen to be a multidimensional phenomenon and taken in the broadest sense of the word they stand in between grammar and phraseology. The subject-object relations in the event-denoting SVC show different kinds of nominalization and ontological metaphor. There are several types of fare / hacer verbal-nominal constructions classification. The first type is formal and it is based on the lexico-grammatical structure. Another one is related to the kind of metaphor used. This paper concern the expressions, where only the verb fare / hacer, which makes for the grammatical framework, changes its own meaning. While the nominal component is responsible for the meaning of the whole expression. This leads to the modification of all the formal correlations between the actants and affects the type of predication. In some situations the formal object passes certain characteristics to the subject (this happens when an act becomes associated with a quality). When the predicate and the formal object constitute one single indivisible semantic unit, the the object is taken as part of the verbal syntagm. From the point of view of subjectivization the obvious presence of the person who performs the illocutionary act is relevant. In many situations the thematic subject of the utterance doesn't coincide with the ontological subject. The concept of action in Italian and in Spanish is closely related to other concepts. The structures with the verb fare cover a great number of semantic fields starting from everyday common situations and ending up with emotional activity and even with the death as phenomenon, thus showing the strongly pronounced agentive character inherent to this verb and the active nature of the subject in Italian language. As for the Spanish verb hacer, its agentive character is also visible, but the range of semantic fields is much more restricted. The complementarity of different approaches, some of which may come to be opposite to each other becomes possible within the contextual analysis. This turns out to be more efficient from a perspective of subjectivization, thus giving various possibilities for linguistic research.

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