Expression of culture Through Phraseological Units (on the Example of Bashkir Language)

Phraseologisms in their semantics reflect the process of historical development of the people. They manifest cultural traditions and customs that have been transmitted from generation to generation for centuries. The phraseology of the Bashkir language is studied mainly in the semantic aspect. Systematization was carried out according to the semantic content and grammatical structure of phraseological units. The study of phraseological units using cultural codes is carried out for the first time. The study of phraseological units in the cultural-linguistic aspect, makes it possible to more deeply study the life, culture and worldview of the Bashkir people. The figurative basis of most phraseological units is associated with ancient beliefs. The relevance of the above problems outlined the purpose of this article - the implementation of the linguoculturological description of phraseological units through cultural codes, recorded and embodied in phraseological units. The codes of culture correspond with archetypal representations, since it is precisely in them that the "naive" representations of the universe are fixed. We have identified the following main cultural codes: somatic, biomorphic, subject, mythological. A significant role in the formation of phraseological units of the Bashkir language, as it turned out, was played by somatisms of bash 'head', tcuI 'hand', yersk 'heart', куз 'eye', TColaTC 'ears', ayah / bot 'leg', bodies 'language', beat / yej 'face', kendek 'navel', 'Kan 'blood', ysn / k^el / тс from 'soul', beat 'lower back'. The mythological code of culture allowed us to identify phraseological units with the components of the 'seven', alip / alap / alp 'hero', 'hero', 'giant', ay 'month, moon', TCoyash / ken 'sun', kyk 'heaven'. The biomorphic code of culture explains the origin of phraseological units with the components of at лошадь horse ', dilbeg s reins, tsrts ogloblya, dyye camel, et собака dog', demon, cat ', aryglan лев lion', etc. The cultural subject code allowed detect reflection in Bashkir phraseological units of such Bashkir household items as Utyn 'firewood', Ь^эпэ 'log', ksms 'boat', yK 'arrow', Balta 'ax', tyrmsn 'mill', mustache 'fire, bonfire, hearth', TCom 'sand', кк^ан 'cauldron, cauldron', ilsk 'sieve', ens 'needle', kyldsk 'dress', kyn' souk of 'Sabat' sandals', and others. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the materials analyzed in this work can be used for in-depth study of phraseological units in the Turkic, including the Bashkir language.

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