Research of Background Processes Happening Under Cultural Interaction and Relationship between Russia and China

The article discusses the role and importance of background knowledge and the study of background processes in the implementation of intercultural interaction. The importance of studying the issues of the relationship of language and culture in the modern world is substantiated. The historical features of the cultural interaction of Russia and China are revealed. The author's definition of the phenomenon of modernity - "interculture" is presented. It was found that intercultural interaction inevitably raises difficulties of adequate mutual understanding, which lie not on the surface, but deep inside in the background cultural processes of the two peoples. The definition of the concept of "background knowledge" in the context of intercultural communication is presented. The structure of background knowledge is analyzed. It turned out that their composition includes national-cultural knowledge and universal knowledge. It was found that background knowledge has a decisive role in the process of human movement in the cultural space. The questions of the role of background knowledge in the framework of the study of Russian students by the Russian language are discussed. It was found that for the full mastery of background knowledge, one should take into account not only their structure, but also semantic content, since it is the semantic content that determines the specific conditions for the use of background knowledge in the communication process. The features and methods of obtaining background knowledge of a particular culture are revealed. The interconnected blocks of background knowledge and processes are characterized: knowledge about the daily life of people; knowledge of moral values; knowledge of the cultural and historical memory of the people; knowledge of socially marked strata reflected in the language. A number of methods have been proposed that will maximize the effectiveness of generating knowledge about background processes among foreign students and specialists. The role of background knowledge in the activities of the translator is clarified. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that the presence of background knowledge and the correct interpretation of background processes are of particular importance for any modern person, since they contribute to a better understanding of a foreign-speaking people, provide more effective intercultural interaction and, on the whole, make it possible to transfer to the level of universal knowledge of mankind.

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