Public involvement in preparations for the release of convicts from prisons and their social adaptation

The author notes that both federal and regional legislations do not properly regulate the questions of public involvement in rendering social assistance to convicts. This manifests itself in the fact that no public organizations, research institutes and higher educational establishments are included into the list of subjects having an undoubtedly high potential of adaptive impact. Therefore, the enumerated subjects ought to be used in the course of realization of the corresponding programs. The necessity in such a policy is confirmed by the research in detention facilities. It proves that the institutions and bodies involved in implementation of such a penalty as deprivation of liberty cannot solve a number of problems relating to the preparations of convicts for release to the highest standard. Neither can these questions be solved by way of interaction between the departments of penal system and state bodies only. In order to form an objective ability and subjective readiness of convicts for life in society after their release and taking into account the decrease of the existing in our current penal system possibilities for their professional training, it is necessary to give them a possibility to leave their correctional institutions in order to get education in general civil educational establishments (Article 97 of Correctional Code of the Russian Federation). We need to develop and realize the inter- agency program of professional training of convicts in correctional institutions; the program implies the involvement of state bodies (municipal ones) and society, including business. The program should contain both the organizational legal forms of participation for economic entities, public organizations, their competences and measures of preventive influence. The realization of the program will enable us to form skilled labor force for job market and create conditions for prevention of recidivism. The upbringing of readiness of convicts for socialization after their release depends on stimulation of their behavior in the course of serving the sentence. The system of "social lifts" in Russian correctional institutions can ensure this stimulation, one of the stimuli being the improvement of custody for prisoners for good behavior (though, this ensures only the increase of "obedient convicts" but not of law abiding, active and responsible citizens). The system of stimulation should include such circumstances as prison education and participation in resocialization programs proposed by public organizations that will make this system more progressive. Thus, the analysis of the problem of recidivism prevention ought to be exercised in compliance with the two aspects in preparations for release from prisons. The first one discloses the problem of subjective and objective grounds for resocialization of convicts. The second aspect takes into account the possibility of correction of convicts by way of qualitative and various preparations for their release.

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