To the question of the necessity and desirability of the classification of forensic – expert tasks

The article reveals the features of a scientific discussion on the classification of forensic tasks. Various points of view of scientists on this issue are presented, their analysis is carried out and the authors' arguments in favor of each of the above classifications are revealed. Based on our analysis and assessment of the above arguments, it can be stated that the entire list of forensic tasks encountered in expert practice is not limited to two classes - identification and diagnostic tasks. However, as the analysis of scientific and educational literature in the field of the general theory of forensic examination has shown, many authors adhere to the position according to which it is advisable to use a more fractional division of forensic expert tasks, which, in their opinion, most fully reflects the specifics and nature of the study. Moreover, a scientific classification aimed at increasing the scientific cognitive level of a researcher and serving as a reflection of the whole variety of problems solved by forensic examination should be developed taking into account the defining characteristics and criteria of each class. Only such a classification can fully meet the requirements of the systematization of scientific knowledge. The theoretical basis of the research is presented by the analysis and generalization of Russian scientific publications for the period from 1978 to the present, devoted to classification research in the field of forensic problems. For this purpose, the points of view of various scientists on the development of defining signs for dividing tasks into classes have been studied, analyzed and generalized. Issues of internal terminological inconsistency of the authors are revealed when assigning groups of tasks to be solved to a certain class, for example, establishing group belonging to the class of identification problems. The methodological basis of the research was formed by the universal method of scientific knowledge - dialectical-materialistic, as well as logical methods - deduction, induction; cognitive - analysis, generalization, comparison and others. In the course of the study, a comparative analysis of the construction of classification systems of forensic expert tasks was used. The defining signs of dividing forensic tasks into classes have been clarified. The results of the study were the development of a classification of forensic expert tasks, aimed at improving the theory and practice of forensic examinations, as well as contributing to the systematization of scientific forensic expert knowledge, which will undoubtedly have a positive effect on the practice of successful investigation and disclosure of crimes.

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