Integration of the National spatial data system into research and verification methods in forensic land surveying expertise

The Federal state geographic information system Unified digital platform National spatial data system (FSGIS UDP NSDS) is a state spatial platform that can be applied in a wide range of fields, including forensic land surveying expertise. In expert work, FSGIS UDP NSDS serves several key functions: providing information, visual representation, and ensuring spatial completeness. At each stage of their work, a land surveying expert examines FSGIS UDP NSDS and utilizes the public cadastral map, the Federal State Information System for Territorial Planning (TP FSIS), and other specialized registries as needed. Since December 2024, FSGIS UDP NSDS has been the only official registry. However, from an expert’s perspective, it currently has two significant drawbacks. First, the system is still being actively developed and populated. Second, there is a discrepancy between the information systems that serve as data sources for FSGIS UDP NSDS and the registries maintained by state and local government authorities. For experts, the benefits of using FSGIS UDP NSDS include identifying individual objects, determining their legal status, and defining their geographic, geodetic, and other spatial characteristics. There are no officially approved methodologies in forensic land surveying expertise. At the same time, verifiability of results is a mandatory requirement. FSGIS UDP NSDS provides verification opportunities for both specialists and non-specialists. The main advantages of verification are the ability to compare graphical and spatial data, correlate public cadastral map information with other registries linked to NSDS, add measurements and semantic details, and generate printouts of retrieved images. However, as a verification tool, FSGIS UDP NSDS has certain disadvantages. Not all required data is entered into the registry in a timely manner. Additionally, orthophotos in the Unified State Register of Real Estate (USRN) are provided without a specified date, which does not always allow for an assessment of the relevance of the terrain imagery. Thus, the integration of FSGIS UDP NSDS into verification methods in forensic land surveying expertise enables any party to analyze the expert’s conclusions for spatial and legal accuracy, evaluate their precision, and present their own conclusions in a clear, evidence-ready format. The system enhances research methods in forensic land surveying expertise and may also serve as an independent method for verifying land surveying expert conclusions. The author declares no conflicts of interests.

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