The principles of The Dictionary of Modern Tomsk Surnames (based on Tomsk Telephone Directory, 2007)

The article is devoted to the problem of anthroponyms lexicalizing. It dwells on the organization of a modern regional dictionary of surnames taken from 2007 Tomsk yellow pages. The article consists of two parts. In the first part one will read about the timeline of such dictionaries, about the history of the term '' surname'' and about what the Russian surname is. The novelty of the article lies in the research object and subject: the anthroponyms (surnames) in question have never been studied in their modern state in the context of etymology; they have been studied within the historical context to a greater extent. The study object is modern Russian surnames. The study subject is the etymology of Tomsk surnames anthropological stems. The main aim of the article is to work out the principles of compiling such a dictionary. In the work different research methods have been applied, both traditional (scientific and descriptive, etymological, lexicographic) and specific ones (finding surnames stems and their etymologizing). Onomastic etymologizing is closely connected with the derivational and structural analyses. The principles of the dictionary entry are described in the article: the surnames are given alphabetically with the headword in the singular masculine common case form. The variants follow the headword in the same entry as it is done in most anthroponymical dictionaries. In most cases these forms are lexical and phonetic variants as well as single-rooted surnames with different suffixes: -ов (ov), -овых (ovykh), -ев (yev), -евых (yevykh), -ин (in), -иных (inykh), -ый (yi), -ой (oy), -ский (skiy), -ской (skoy) and so on, for instance, Жабрак (Zhabrak), Жеб-рак (Zhebrak); Желтов (Zheltov), Жёлтый (Zheolty); Жидовин (Zhidovin), Жидовинов (Zhidovinov), Жидовцев (Zhidovtsev); Жихарев (Zhikharev), Жихарский (Zhikharsky). Another important part of a dictionary entry is surnames interpretation. In this respect ''close'' etymology is used if the anthropological stem exists in the modern standard Russian language. ''Distant'' etymology is used in cases when the anthropological stem is not known in the modern standard Russian language. The example of ''close'' etymology is as follows: the surname Жаворонков (Zhavoronkov) derived from the old Russian first name Жаворонок (Zhavoronok) which in its turn originated from the common name жаворонок (zhavoronok, a lark). Here is an example of ''distant'' etymology: the surname Жадан (Zhadan) derived from the old Russian first name Жадан (Zhadan) which may be translated as ''desired, long wished for'', or it may as well have been formed from the dialect verb жадать (zhadat') which had two meanings:1) to be greedy; 2) to eat hungrily, above measure. The article contains an extract from The Dictionary of Modern Tomsk Surnames which represents more than 170 surnames beginning with letter ''Ж'' (''Zh''). In the final part of the entry the semantic typology of surnames is given. The most frequent are those anthropological stems whose meanings correspond with people's physical, biological and psychological qualities, with social statuses and occupations, with natural phenomena and the material world. Surname stems point at the Russian people's mentality peculiarities, they are socially accepted, reflect morals and may serve as a source of historical and cultural information.

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