Lexicographic problems of Russian-Czech interference

The article is devoted to the image of Russian-Czech interference in homonyms in bilingual lexicography. It was interesting to find out whether the number of errors caused by interference is limited, and whether new examples of interference in homonyms appear with the new vocabulary? To answer these questions, the author has made a brief overview of the lexicographic works of the first half of the 20th century that reflect the problem of homonymy in closely related Slavic languages, and analyzed two dictionaries: 1) the Russian-Czech Dictionary of Homonyms by J. Vlcek that includes the vocabulary of everyday communication and modern literary language, as well as outdated words, historicisms, expressive words, and 2) the Electronic Dictionary of Czech-Russian Interference by Charles University in Prague, each entry of it indicates the kind of interference of a Czech-Russian match. It would be inappropriate to compare the structure of these two dictionaries, the number of articles in them, because the Charles University project was conceived only as an auxiliary textbook, and its volume is considerably inferior to J. Vlcek's dictionary. The aims of these works are also different: J. Vlcek first of all wanted to show the diversity of the phenomenon of Russian-Czech homonyms, while Charles University researchers focused on the problem of interference in general. That is why their research involved other phenomena in addition to homonyms. However, these two works provide an opportunity to see how the vocabulary has changed for more than forty years that separate them. Some homonyms in the new dictionary of Charles University (baletka, ziletka, hluk) are not recorded in J. Vlcek's one. There are also examples where the meaning is not exactly the same in both dictionaries, there are also cases of complete divergence. J. Vlcek's dictionary does not have such words as sluzba, propiska, uhodit, which have now become quite common, and were included in the dictionary project of Charles University. The analysis of works of Czech students studying Russian shows that the number of new examples of errors caused by interference is increasing. There are examples that have not been reflected in either of the dictionaries. In this article on the example of the Russian and Czech languages, the author has tried to show how interlingual interference is qualified in bilingual dictionaries, and how dictionaries help to prevent it. By analyzing the Russian-Czech Dictionary of Homonyms by J. Vlcek and the Electronic Dictionary of Czech-Russian Interference, it was found that the number of errors caused by interference cannot be considered as limited and new examples of interference in homonyms in closely related languages constantly appear.

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