Figurative lexicography and its place in modern Russian philology

The purpose of this article is to determine the composition, volume, borders, features of figurative lexicography as a special direction of Russian studies on the compiling of dictionaries that describe secondary nomination with figurative meanings. This aim is due to the necessity of solving a number of applied problems related to the practical work on the creation of The Dictionary of Russian Food Metaphor, the first volume of which, Dishes and Foodstuff, has already been published, the second volume, Culinary Activities, is being prepared for publishing. However, many of the problems of the conceptual organization of the material and its semantization require theoretical understanding and scholarly coverage. Figurative lexicography is a special trend in Russian studies which is engaged in the preparation and study of dictionaries that fix the figurative fund of the Russian language. The object of figurative lexicography is dictionaries, diverse in purpose and structure, united by the figurative character of descriptions of units that have a metaphorical inner form and express the allegorical, figurative way to represent thoughts or ideas. These lexicographical works include phraseological and cultural linguuistic dictionaries, dictionaries of figurative words and phrases, proverbs and sayings, poetic images, discursive metaphors. Authors of dictionaries that describe the poetic (A.I. Vasiliev, A.L. Golovanevskiy, N.V. Pavlovich etc.), discursive (A.N. Baranov, Yu.N. Karaulov) and language (G.N. Sklyarevskaya etc.) metaphors, the phraseological fund (A.N. Baranov, D.O. Dobro-volsky, A.V. Zhukov, A.M. Melerovich, V.M. Mokienko, V.N. Telia etc.), proverbs, sayings and catch phrases (L.P. Dyadechko, V.M. Mokienko, S.G. Shulezhkova etc.); precedent phenomena, images and symbols (D.B. Gudkov, V.V. Krasnych etc.) worked out some principles of lexicographical description of figurative lexical and phraseological units, but they have not been theoretically conceptualized and systematically presented. The principles of figurative lexicography are: 1. The principle of dictionary presentation of secondary figurative meanings. 2. Explication of the motivating component of a figurative unit. 3. Explanation of expressive and emotive connotations assigned to figurative words and expressions. 4. Representation of the cultural content. 5. Orientation on the functioning of figurative units in speech. 6. Conceptual organization of the dictionary mac-rostructure. The structure of the Dictionary of Russian Food Metaphor is based on the outlined principles of figurative lexicography which were reflected in the practical work on its creation. This dictionary is the first dictionary in the national linguistics to present a system of figurative units of the Russian language that reflect the metaphorical projection from the sphere "Food" in a variety of conceptual areas. The object of lexicographying is figurative units of the Russian language that name various phenomena of the world by analogy with food and dishes of Russian national cuisine.

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