Set phrases in Tula dialects: The basics of phraseographic systematization

In the process of compiling the Dictionary of Tula Dialects (2007-2022), more than six hundred set phrases were identified, and a problem arose of their typology and linguistic interpretation. This article aims to solve the problem. Most of the phrases are recorded as part of s of dialect speakers’ speech flows, and also selected from the contexts of ethnographic works and fiction that reflect the realities of the Tula region. Thus, the linguistic material analyzed in this article was collected by the field method and by the method of directed contextual extraction. Not all of the language units indicated above are actually phraseological units or paroemias; a significant part of them are typical, standard phrases that are diverse in terms of the degree of fusion and frequency of holistic reproduction. At present, the characterized set phrases are prepared for phraseographic fixation: their definitions are proposed, the illustrative material is arranged, and the areas of distribution within the dialect are specified. This study proposes a systematization of Tula regional set phrases in terms of their phraseological status. The theoretical basis of the study is the approaches adopted in Russian science to stable linguistic units of the levels of phrases and sentences. From the empirically formed general phraseographic code of Tula dialects, 1) units in the form of a phrase are distinguished and characterized: dialect phraseological units (idioms and phraseological combinations), compound names, stable prepositional case constructions, fixed similes; 2) units in the form of a sentence: set phrases of a non-paroemic nature, paroemias (proverbs and sayings), humorous sayings. The specificity of the regional phraseographic material determines the separation into functional groups of phraseologized combinations of a ritual and handicraft nature, few in number, but extremely significant for those wishing well. The article raises the problem of territorial variation of set phrases and proposes a variant of its particular solution in relation to the phraseological section of the Dictionary of Tula Dialects. The analyzed language material is typologically based on the traditional structural-semantic approach to phrases that are potentially set. The typological groups are interpreted taking into account the principle of indirect nomination and the provisions of modern linguoculturology, which considers that a systemic phraseographic description of a dialect is a kind of a linear modeling of the historically established inner world of a person living in a particular region of Russia. The author declares no conflicts of interests.

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