Language awareness: peculiarities of structure in bilingualism

Complex study of the human is impossible without considering the problems of language and speech as key elements, which determine psychological and social development of the person. Discovering the peculiarities of individual representation and functioning of linguistic knowledge in the speaker's mind is the key to explaining success / failure of speech communication, and, in case of different language systems interconnection in person's mind, of cross-cultural communication.Learning language units (words, phrases, grammatical structures, syntactic models) is followed by the formation of individual psychological filling of these units in the learner's mind. The contents of psychological filling of a language unit are determined by the context of its functioning and the context in which it was learned by the speaker: emotional, figurative, semantic, cultural and historical. Verbal units together with their psychological representations in human's mind become basic sense structures of verbal thinking and form verbal-sense construct of human's consciousness. The latter represents the declarative verbal knowledge block of human's mind, which determines thinking, attitude, and communication. The procedural block of human's mind includes programs of how to use declarative data for speech production and speech reception.It would be a mistake to consider that in case of bilingualism and multilingualism the second, third, etc. language is learned and mastered by means of integration of new language units into the verbal-sense construct, already formed on the native language basis, through semantic comparison of words, forms, structures of different languages. Foreign language learning presupposes formation of autonomous mental block of declarative verbal knowledge through mental representation of verbal units and their integration with contextual emotions and images, which constitute psychological filling of verbal units in human's mind.Bilingual people, learning a foreign language in an artificial language atmosphere, develop subordinate functioning of foreign language mechanisms. It is manifested in inner verbal actions realization through the medium of the native language, which controls all the processes of foreign speech producing and understanding. Coordinate foreign language knowing implies formation in human's mind of an autonomous system of operation procedures, which constitute the work of foreign language mechanism. The latter in its turn composes a separately functioning procedural block, which provides foreign language communication.

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