Specificity of metaphorization in scientific text (on the data of the English scientific article "Metaphor" by M. Black)

The research is aimed at studying metaphorization in the scientific text and analyzes the concepts of term, term system, scientific text, subtext, metaphor and type of metaphor. The latter is regarded as a result of categorization and conceptualization and refers to the abstract and iconic model of knowledge in a particular subject field and the author's concept system. The author's concept formation is determined, on the one hand, by personal knowledge and, on the other hand, all scientific knowledge. Complex relations between the personal and existing scientific knowledge are stipulated by the paradigm of knowledge representing the structure of cognition. Paradigm as the dominant research approach includes presuppositional attitude, cognitive domain and procedure correlating with the stages of the author's concept development that form a scientific cognitive-communicative situation whose main cognitive mechanism is metaphorization manifesting itself in a system of the author's metaphors. A system of the author's metaphors expresses a new knowledge representing the author's concept while a system of conventional metaphors represents the old fixed knowledge used as the basis for the development of a new scientific knowledge. The primary objective of the research is to investigate the dynamics of metaphorization in M. Black's scientific article "Metaphor". For this intention a comprehensive description of the dynamics of metaphorization based on G. Steen's methodology in different subtexts of the article that represent different stages of the cognitive-communicative situation development is provided. Our analysis suggests the following subtexts of the scientific article "Metaphor": problem formulating, hypothesis-making, substantiating and inference-drawing. The above mentioned analysis is followed by the identification procedure of the conventional and author's metaphors in each subtext and an attempt to describe the metaphorical models based on the parameters of frequency, dominance and productivity of the author's metaphors. Each subtext is characterized by two models. The metaphorical models of the problem formulating, hypothesis-making and substantiating subtexts are opposed to each other while in the inference-drawing subtext and at the end of the substantiating subtext, devoted to the interaction view, they are complementary. It is explained by the fact that one model intensifies and develops the other. Therefore, the dynamics of metaphorization in M. Black's scientific linguistic article "Metaphor" manifests itself in the considerable transformation of the concept of metaphor from Metaphor as Law Violator, Mystery, Compressed Simile, Filter and Screen to Metaphor as Powerful Actor.

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