Linguistic means of visual perception situation representationin Boris Pasternak's poetic texts

Visual perception is qualified in the world language picture as themain way of spatial orientation, which is performed with person's eyes. In a work of art modelling ofthis orientation occurs according to the author aesthetic concept, which embodies in the textfiguratively. In this article the analysis of linguistic means of expression of the predicative componentin B. Pasternak's poems is presented to reveal the traditional and individual (including metaphorical)ways of perception representation.The most important themes of B. Pasternak's poetry - nature, love, poet, and poetry - arepresented at the linguistic level by language units with the semantics of visual perception. In the centreof predicative group there are three basic verbs (у)видеть, (по)смотреть, (по)глядеть in theirmajor meanings. The relative synonyms смотреть and глядеть presuppose some active action fromthe subject of perception while видеть reflects the very ability and involuntariness of visualperception. B. Pasternak prefers the active type, and this fact is evidence of the dynamism andproductivity of the process of world perception.The situation of visual perception and intellectual activity are closely inter-connected andrepresent a single cognitive mechanism reflected in the Russian language consciousness. In B.Pasternak's poetry the verb видеть realizes one of its meanings "to understand, to realize, to feel"regularly. Basic verbs are regularly used in their figurative meanings. Numerous examples ofpersonification indicate metaphorization. In B. Pasternak's poetry natural phenomena, plants, livingthings, spans of time, abstract substances "come to life".A distinctive feature of the functioning of basic verbs of visual perception in B. Pasternak's poetryis their use for the transfer of modus senses (function of reference to the interlocutor or attraction of hisattention). Such verbs acting as predicates are capable to "initiate" situations other than perceptive. Atthe syntactic level it is presented by compound asyndetic and complex sentences.The predicative component besides basic verbs can be expressed by other verbs with thesemantics of visual perception, and by verbs of other lexical-semantic groups (more often incombinations with lexemes глаза, взгляд) and by set phrases and phraseological units. Specialfeatures of perception are realized in individual author's combinations глаз ночевал, глаз привыксдаваться, глазами не осилишь etc. The predicative component can be expressed by short adjectivesand participles.The author's selection of lexical, syntactic and figurative expressive means testifies, on the onehand, to the universality of the model of visual perception in the Russian language consciousness, onthe other, to the individual author's features and contextual augments of sense, forming the individualstyle of the poet.

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