Experience of typologization of orthographical personalities on the basis of the experiment "Three Dictations with the Visual Study of the Text"

The article proves that it is possible to identify orthographical personalities as a kind of linguistic personality. The concept of linguistic personality, which is relevant nowadays, can be applied to the subject of orthographical activities, which means that the question about the types of orthographical linguistic personalities is raised appropriately. At the beginning of the 20th century, the dispute, dating back to the 1840s, about two strategies in teaching the Russian orthography - "grammar" and "antigrammar" - was resumed. The first research line won, but the results of this "victory" were not satisfactory, and therefore this dispute was resumed at the end of the century and going to the new 21st century. This article presents an experience of the research of the significance of the visual channel. To solve these problems an experiment was conducted among the subjects involving a number of techniques with the purpose of actualization of the visual image of the word in the text of a dictation and the determination of the possibilities of formation on this basis of the orthographical linguistic feeling (perception, attention, short-term memory), which provides the material to identify certain types of orthographical personalities, namely, types of people who write relying on the visual channel. The visual channel (right hemisphere strategy) of the writing person coupled with the motivational-psychological characteristics is taken as a basis for typology. The typology is applied to the data obtained experimentally on the basis of work on the text of a dictation by the subjects. The dictation is considered in this article as a kind of writing-speech activity and as a form of experiment. The article proposes a series of methodological techniques that combine three aspects of perception of the graphic (visual) word image: a) psychophysiological aspect: based primarily upon sensory (specifically visual), right hemisphere centers separately from the conceptual-logical, left hemisphere, rules; b) mental-psychical aspect: activation of focused attention on the graphic image of the word; c) motivational-psychological aspect: expressed motivation for memorizing the graphic image of the word. The following orthographical types of the linguistic personality can be identified. The first type is the visual channel of average power, the predominance of the logical-conceptual thinking (left hemisphere). The second type is a strong visual channel, visual (right hemisphere) thinking. The third type is poorly developed logical-conceptual thinking and a little more developed creative thinking. The fourth type is the underdeveloped mental, psychophysiological and volitional sphere. Weak visual channel is not compensated by the weak volitional sphere designed to implement motivational processes and to activate direct attention.

Keywords

Authors

References