Transformation of Siberian food tradition in the discourse of a dialect language personality: drinks

Reconstruction of the Siberian food tradition in the sphere of the use of drinks and its transformation is made based on the discursive practice of peasant woman Vera Vershinina (1909-2004), born in Tomsk Oblast. Two information periods of her life reflected in the speech are compared: early (1910s-1920s), from the memoirs of the dialect speaker, and late (1981-2004), from texts that fix the linguistic existence of the society and the personality as part of it with the direct observation of dialect information collectors. Fields of everyday and "supra-everyday" life (festivals and rituals) are also compared. Discursive materials, reflecting the life of the Siberian old-timer village for the past centuries, show that the constants of the food tradition are: the widest prevalence of tea and milk in everyday life; the permanent value of milk, which is recognised as an integral part of the human diet due to its nutritional value; connection of the festive and ritual tradition with consumption of different types of alcohol. Transformation of the tradition of drinking reflected in the language is caused by social reasons: the change of the social system, the development of the food industry and the expansion of trade contacts between the city and the countryside, the changing level of peasants' well-being. Changes concern the modification of the basic element for the preparation of drinks. Its narrowing is associated with the cessation of the production of rye flour as the basis for making alcohol and kissels [starch drink], and also with the gradual refusal to use aromatic herbs and dried carrots as a substitute for tea. At the same time, the basic element expands, primarily due to sugar. There are more ingredients in drinks, ways of cooking some of them change. In everyday life, the amount of alcohol consumed increases sharply, which leads to negative changes in the "supra-everyday" sphere. In the language, these changes are reflected at the level of the lexical-semantic field of designations for the types of drinks, the conceptosphere and the discourse of the dialectal language personality. The lexical-semantic macro-field under consideration changes due to new nominations for purchased non-alcoholic and, especially, alcoholic beverages; designations of varieties of kissels disappear. Within the "alcohol" field, hyperonym-hyponym and hyponym-hyponym relations are developed. At the conceptual level, the elimination of the boundaries between the everyday and the "supra-everyday" is observed in connection with the diminishing role of the religious and ritual element in the consciousness of dialect speakers, the destruction of ideas about the norm of alcohol consumption, the loss of festive traditions, when the spiritual component is ousted by the external attributes of a holiday. The discursive level represents changes in people's language and mentality through texts of the genres of memories, stories about everyday life, proverbs and sayings. There are almost no metatext comments on drinks.

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