Syntactic organization, meter and semantics of initial sentences in A.S. Pushkin's lyrics

The article analyzes the syntactic structure, the semantic-functional potential, the stanza organization and the verse division of Pushkin's opening sentences. Less than 10% of the poetic Pushkin's initial lines (62 representations out of 737) coincide with the boundaries of the whole mono- or polypredicative unit. The initial lines, coinciding with the boundaries of simple constructions, make up only 6% of the total number of the first verses. The parts of the asyndetic binary and multicomponent constructions that form 25% of all the Pushkin's lyrical opening sentences are typical for the poetic beginnings. Since the opening sentence assigns the syntactic composition of the subsequent text, it is possible to extend the revealed tendency to a polypredicative asyndetic construction of the initial phrases for the entire lyrical discourse as a whole. The length of the first sentence varies within a fairly wide range from 1 to 20 lines. In the majority of Pushkin's poems, the first sentence coincides in its length with the quatrain (269 sentences make up 4 verses); in the second position, the introductory phrases (128 representations) make up 2 lines. Further, depending on the prevalence, follows: equal to 1 verse in length (in 71 poems), to 8 verses (in 54 examples), to 6 verses (36 representations), to 3 verses (33), to 5 lines (30), to 7 verses (11), to 9 lines (9), to 12 verses (7), to 10 verses (6), to 11 lines (3), to 16 verses (2 representations); the initial sentences, which last 14, 15, 17, 18 and 20 lines, are presented in one example. Initial sentences can also take a few stanzas, and sometimes the work is built as one sentence, which makes it difficult to single out the opening sentence in the architectonics of this poem. Poems that are astrophic or constructed in a special form of a "piece" composition in many respects preserve the "inertia" of the structure of the initial constructions by the model of quatrains and couplets. Since the initial line is the representative of the lyric work and the substitute for the title, it is obvious that the opening sentence of the poetic text, though not in the strictly composition and content plan but from the standpoint of readers' expectations typifying the poetic architectonics, should not be a stanzaic form (for example, widespread quatrains in poetry), an initial sentence rarely coinciding with the boundaries of the first verse and sometimes expanding to the size of the whole text (which the analysis of Pushkin' introductions confirms), but the first verses of the poem, setting the textual grammatical form, meter, rhythm, theme and unique intonation of the author which plays an important role in the decoding of the artistic unit by the external addressee and slightly opens the "curtains" of the individual poetical image of the world, but.

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