“Exile” as a phenomenon of the Siberian linguaculture

The subject of the analysis in the article is the specificity of the formation of the Siberian concept sphere on the example of the concept “exile” that is considered as a phenomenon of the Siberian linguaculture manifested at the communicative level. The main body of texts for analysis were oral stories of Russian old-timers, speakers of the Middle Ob dialect, about the period of “peasant” exile (1930s-1950s). Texts of official documents, fragments of poetic texts were used for comparison. The concept “exile” occupies a significant place in the Siberian linguaculture. It is characterised by temporal length, regionality, social and evaluative meanings; it has communicative markers. In Siberian discourse, the concept is verbalised by a large number of lexical units belonging to different lexical semantic groups. For instance, the Siberians use different names for exiled people (poselenets [settler], spetspereselenets [special settler], posel'ga (dialectal) [settler], politssyl'nyy [political exile], etc.). The main speech genres of oral communication, in which the concept “exile” is represented, are recollection and autobiographical narrative. The mental structure of the concept varies in different discursive practices. In personality-oriented discourse, procedural signs are actualised in the speech of the exiles; in the speech of the indigenous people, perception and evaluation are in the communicative focus; in official documents, the activity and evaluation components are represented based on respect for the rule of law. Evaluation is actualised in all types of texts, but differs by authors depending on the value system that one considers true. The value dominants of communicants lie in the ethical and social spheres, and are associated with the actualisation of the meanings of justice - injustice, good - evil, punishment - crime, man - power, and others. The discrepancy between the values of different social groups leads to a mismatch of discursive linguistic pictures of the world. The linguoculturological potential of the concept “exile” is manifested in its ability to form the figurative pool of the language, to enter the small genres of Siberian folklore, to receive literary expression in the works of Siberian writers and poets who were participants and witnesses of the dramatic period of Russian history.

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