Features of Adnominal Use of Adverbs of Manner

The aim of this article is to describe the peculiarities of the functioning of adverbs of manner which grammatically depend on nouns. The study is performed on the material of the texts of the period from 2003 to 2018 taken from different spheres of communication: modern fiction, newspapers, scientific articles and monographs, business correspondence and business documentation, recordings of colloquial speech (stored at the Department of Russian Language, Speech Communication and Russian as a Foreign Language of the National Research Saratov Chernyshevsky State University as well as presented on the website of the Russian National Corpus). The total volume of the material is about 250,000 predicative units. On the basis of the analyzed material, the author of the article compiled a list of adverbs of manner which includes about 6,000 lexemes. While collecting and studying the material, the author used comparative, interpretative, logical and syntactic methods, as well as the methods of component analysis, continuous sampling and quantitative analysis. The analysis of the material shows that only about 8% of adverbs of manner grammatically depend on nouns. Most often they are used with nouns that express procedural or concrete meanings, acting as secondary members of the sentence or determinants. Adverbs of manner in the role of secondary members of the sentence usually describe the way of physical or mental actions. Among adverbs-determinants, lexemes formed with prefixal-suffixal derivation from words that represent the national or territorial belonging of a person prevail. That is why such lexemes characterize socio-political, economic or cultural processes and phenomena, as well as peculiarities of recipes of dishes comparing them with the traditions of the population of any territory. Most often adverbs of manner, which are used with nouns, are determinants and function in journalism and fiction. Moreover, adverbs formed with prefixal-suffixal derivation are actively used by journalists in headlines of newspaper materials. Substantive-adverbial collocations are usually used on the pages of the modern press as occasionalisms and, therefore, often attract readers' attention by their expressiveness and originality. The meaning of such adverbs-determinants is most fully revealed in the context of all journalistic material and is often not clear without it. However, some of the prefixal-suffixal adverbs are gradually beginning to be used in various print media so often that they become speech cliches.

Keywords

Authors

References