The Interaction of Subsystems of the Modern Russian Language in an Idiolectic Reflection: The Speech Portrait of a Resident of an Urban-Type Village

The article aims to create the urban-type village resident's speech portrait that represents the transformation of the folk-speech culture due to the interaction of the subsystems of the Russian language. The speech of a man born in 1956, with a vocational education, a resident of the Tyazhinsky village of Kemerovo Oblast, was analysed. The sources for the analysis were the recordings of the informant's spontaneous oral speech and short messages from his correspondence with his daughter. When collecting the material, the method of inclusion in the speaker's linguistic existence was used, and, in the analysis, the method of speech portraiture was used. In the course of the study of the idiolect, the manifestations of types of speech culture (dialect, vernacular, slang and learned), which N.I. Tolstoy classified in all Slavic ethnic groups, were analysed. It was established that dialect features are represented in the man's speech at the phonetic, grammatical, lexical and textual levels. Regional elements of phonetics and grammar are few. The informant's articulatory and vocabulary features suggest that his parents spoke dialects of late settlers from the south of Russia in Siberia. The folkspeech principle is reflected in such properties of the text as dialogicity, combination of the situation of the theme with the situation of current communication, iconicity and figurativeness. Some paroemias and traces of traditional mythological representations are recorded. Traits typical for vernacular are identified in the field of grammar and vocabulary. Many features of inflection can be considered dialect and vernacular. Colloquial words are represented in the idiolect much wider than dialect ones. The proportion of phraseological units and expressive-emotional words is significant. Jargon traits are marked only at the lexical level; they make up the periphery of the idiolexicon. Most jargon refers to general jargon, single designations to prison argo, youth and computer slang. The features of the learned speech culture are reflected in the composition of vocabulary and precedent texts. The informant has words of a lofty style, terms from different fields of science and general learned words (not always fully mastered), as well as quotes from Russian classics and Vysotsky's songs. The idiolect demonstrates the variability of the use of regional, vernacular, slang and learned elements and their unintentional combination in speech. Signs of the folk-speech type of culture in the language personality are substratum and are inherited from the illiterate parents. The composition of the language means testifies to the gradual ousting of dialectal features partly by colloquial, jargon, or literary language ones in connection with the informant's receiving vocational education, with the influence of urbanisation and population migration. The speech portrait of the individual reflects the interaction of the subsystems of the Russian national language. In urban-type villages, where the linguistic environment is formed at the junction of traditional peasant and urban cultures, these processes occur most intensively. In this regard, the speech of the personality being studied is one of the typical examples of the transformation of the folk speech culture at present.

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