The Rules of a Dialect Language Personality's Speech Behavior as a Component of the Siberian Old-Resident Village Languagescape

The article is dedicated to the research of the speech behavior rules in dialect language personalities' everyday living communication. The speech code was reconstructed by the materials of a dialect language personality's discourse practice. The author's tape recording archives of the spontaneous speech of a typical representative of an old-resident Middle-Ob village (a peasant woman) were used as the source in the research. The communication rules were identified based on the metatext fragments of the speaker's discourse. The rules reflect the speaker's reaction to the breaking of non-written communication standards. Proverbs and proverbial phrases of the speaker's paremiological “fund” were also employed. The speech behavior standards are more often verbalized as “anti-norms” based on which researchers shape their ideas of norms. The analysis shows that the speaker's discourse data demonstrate an extended system of speech behavior rules. All these rules, directly or indirectly, correlate with basic values of traditional folk culture. These are the standards of morality (politeness, benevolence, tact, modesty, honesty, frankness, obligatory keeping of promises, deliberate speech actions); non-conflict existence; adherence to the traditional culture's beliefs (cult of the dead, belief in the “evil eye”); and speech (observance of dialect rules, logical symmetry, and completeness and informativeness of narration). The revealed rules are realized via language means, speech strategies and tactics of the dialect speaker. The nuclear zone of the system of the rules correlates with norms of ethics. They are close to the standards reflected in Robin Lakoff's rules of pragmatic competence and Geoffrey Leech's politeness principle, but more detailed and frequent in the dialect speaker's metalanguage reflection. The rules of logicality and information richness are at the periphery of the system. The author observes an absence of some rules that function in fiction and journalistic texts (“avoid commonplaces”; “avoid cliches”; “speak clearly, only with correct words”) in the dialect speaker's communication. Obviously, such rules are irrelevant for verbal everyday communication generally and dialect discourse in particular. The specificity of the Siberian old-resident dialect speaker's rules consists in: the openness of the private life for people from the close communication circle (not limited by family only); the orientation on non-conflict communication; adherence to the local dialect norms and traditions of folk beliefs. The revealed rules probably have individual features. At the same time, the coincidence of a concrete person's many language and mental traits with traits noted in dialect speakers of different regions allows suggesting that the system of the Siberian peasant woman's speech behavior rules has much in common with the traditional folk speech culture code.

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