Features of cognitive resources of coping with difficult life situations in representatives of ethnic groups of Siberia

In multiple Russian and foreign studies over the last decades the relation between features of coping and psychopathology was found. In a number of scientific papers it was shown that difficulties of coping with negative life situations were the cornerstones of formation of such mental disorders as neurosis and depression. The central role in explanation of mental health problems was attributed to cognitive strategies of overcoming the difficulties. Questions about the extent to which cognitive aspects can influence coping processes, how they regulate emotions, and how they influence emotional processing during experience of negative life events still remain relevant and are not answered in psychological science. Revealing the ethnocul-tural conditionality of cognitive strategies of coping with difficult life situations will allow widening the ideas of psychological factors and manifestations of depression that is necessary for development of methods of early risk detection of formation and psychological prevention of depression. Objective of study: To reveal features of cognitive resources of coping in representatives of ethnic groups of Siberia. Methods and techniques: The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) (Na-dia Garnefski, Vivian Kraaij, Philip Spinhoven), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). The following representatives of ethnic peoples of Siberia took part in the study: Altaians, Kor-yaks, Itelmens, Chukchi, and Yakuts. Ethnocultural differences in cognitive strategies of coping were revealed. Differences in intensity of strategies of cognitive coping and also in factorial latent structure of cognitive strategies of coping in respondents of "clinical" groups and respondents of groups of "dispensarization" were shown. The factorial latent structure of interrelationships of cognitive strategies of coping in "clinical" groups and in groups of "dispensarization" was defined that could indicate cognitive risks for formation of depression, and also cognitive resources of withstanding the depression in ethnic groups. The ethnocultural invariant of cognitive strategies of coping was defined the optimum of intensity of which allows the representatives of ethnic Siberian peoples to cope with difficult situations without formation of depression states. The deficiencies of cognitive coping were revealed which were manifested as decreased reflexive possibilities among the respondents of all groups: identification, verbalization of feelings, and internal thinking. The findings could be considered for programs of early diagnostics of risks for depression, and in psychological correction aimed at developing of coping-resources in prevention of depressions among representatives of ethnic peoples of Siberia.

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