The influence of marital relationships on psychological well-being of a preschool child
Previous studies demonstrated that divorce or even unsatisfactory marital relationships entailed higher risk of behavioral and emotional problems in preschool children. From previous research we also know that some social and demographic characteristics predict low level of marital satisfaction. Unfavorable sociodemographic characteristics of spouses may be a general factor which explains both low quality of marital relationships and emotional or behavioral problems of a child. For this reason there is a need to analyze sociodemographic predictors of marital satisfaction and its influence on psychological well-being of a child in a joint structural model. We supposed that sociodemographic characteristics of spouses predicts high quality of marital relationships (manifested in marital satisfaction and low frequency of conflicts) contributing to psychological well-being of a preschool child. In empirical study of this problem we measured sociodemographic characteristics using constructed for this study questionnaire. To measure marital conflicts we used three scales by A.I. Pishnyak: disagreements between spouses, method of conflict resolution and controllability of marital life. Marital satisfaction was measured using Relationship assessment scale by S. Hendrick (RAS). Psychological well-being of children (operationalized as absence of emotional and behavioral problems) was measured using the revised version of the Preschool behavior questionnaire by L. Behar (PBQ). The sample comprised 326 married women and their children (at the age of 3 to 6). Estimations of children's behavior by PBQ were obtained from both mothers and kindergarten teachers. Correlations showed that level of emotional and behavioral problems in children weakly but significantly related with conflicts in spouses and their marital satisfaction. The structural equation modeling showed that marital satisfaction had weak but significant impact on psychological well-being of child while impact of conflicts was mediated by marital satisfaction. At the same time marital satisfaction showed significant dependence from sociodemographic characteristics (financial status, education and employment of men) and psychological characteristics of spouses (tendency to aggressive behavior in conflicts, controllability of marital life). Due to the fact that in this study the correlational research design was used, the obtained results couldn't be interpreted as the confirmation of cause-and-effect relations. Nevertheless these results provide additional argument for the hypothesis about influence of marital relationships on psychological well-being of a preschool child.
Keywords
семья,
конфликтность супругов,
удовлетворенность браком,
социально-демографические факторы,
психологическое благополучие дошкольников,
family,
marital conflicts,
marital satisfaction,
social and demographic factors,
psychological well-being of preschool childrenAuthors
| Sychev Oleg A. | Shukshin Altai State Humanities Pedagogical University | osn1@mail.ru |
| Kazantseva Olga A. | Altai State Pedagogical University | deti@alregn.ru |
Всего: 2
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