Typological features of subjective time perception in the context of chronotopical human life

The article presents a brief review of various approaches to the study of the time perception phenomenon in psychology. We have marked the determinative fundamentals of psychological time. They are: physiological (Wittmann М., Wearden J.H., Grondin S.), social (Bolotova A.K., Gorobets T.N.), cultural (Gorkaya, J.V.), psychological (Golovakha E.I., Kronik A.A.) and others. The use of the explanatory potential of system anthropological psychology (Klochko V.E., Galazhinsky E.V., Krasnoryadtseva O.M., Lukyanov O.V.) allows us broadening the understanding of the "tempoworld" category by including the modes of time that reflect directly the chronotopical organization of life. Considering that time perception does not have unified nature for all individuals, there is no single way to organize a chronotopic life. A person sets the frames and coordinates of time by himself. The studies by Zimbardo F. (1999), Kovaleva V.I. (1995), and others demonstrate that the content and the internal subjective experience of temporal phenomena is a part of any chronotope. Thus, we can assume that there are typological features of the subjective time perception. These features depend on the modes of the past, present or future, included in the chronotopic organization of human's life world. The article discusses the results of the study of cognitive and emotional components of the subjective time perception, and the evaluation of the experienced subjective phenomena of time duration, using the method of "Semantic Time Differential" (by Wasserman L.I.) and the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. Typological features of subjects' decentration with typical for them cognitive temporal offsets were marked. Based on the dominant coefficients of group factor load, five types of subjective time perception with different combinations of past, present and future time modes in the context of chronotopic human life are defined. These are "Functional", "Collecting", "Pragmatic", "Stuck", "Living the Present". We described the common subjective balance of time modes for each type, it reflects the individual style of the chronotopic life organization, which will be determined by a compromise in choosing the dominant modalities of assessments of past experience, existing desires and future consequences.

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