Program to improve the resilience and psychological stability of cadets of EMERCOM of Russia to extreme factors in the conditions of imitation of their professional activity

The article describes the results of a psychological field experiment conducted to determine the effectiveness of the program on improving students' resilience and psychological resistance to extreme factors in the simulation of professional activity. The study was conducted in the Far East Fire and Rescue Academy. The sample is represented by 52 cadets of the faculty of fire safety from 19 to 21 years of age. Type of the research: psychological field experiment with the use of smoke and heat simulation training facilities. At the stage of ascertaining experiment in 2016 diagnostic sections were carried out on the entire sample to study the psychological characteristics and physiological reactions to stress in the smoke and heat training chambers. Targets for psychological exposure were identified. At the stage of the formative experiment, the random sampling was divided into experimental and control groups. Cadets of the experimental groups (30 participants) participated in the program to improve resilience and psychological stability. Cadets of the control group (22 participants) did not participate in the psychological program. At the stage of the control experiment with the participation of the entire sample in 2017 a repeated study of psychological characteristics and physiological responses to stress in smoke and heat training chambers was conducted. Methods of psychological diagnostics: test of viability by D.A. Leontiev and E.I. Rasskazova; Life-purpose Orientations test by D.A. Leontiev; Multifactor Personality Questionnaire "Adaptability"; coping test by R. Lazarus, method of determining the accentuations of character by K. Leonhard and G. Shmisek; Luscher-Test modified by L.N. Sobchik; the Structure of motivation of labor activity" C. Zamfir, the method of studying motivation in university studies by T.I. Ilyina; correction tables (Landolt rings). Methods of studying the psycho-physiological parameters: "Heart rate variability analysis" of the rehabilitation psycho-physiological complex "Reakor"; assessment of the functional state of the central nervous system based on a simple visual motor reaction using a psycho-physiological testing device "Psychophysiologist". Statistical methods: nonparametric Wilcoxon T-test, IBM SPSS Statistics 20. The results of the study showed that the program of psychological support for cadets: contributes to the improvement of vitality and emotional stability, and clarifies the life-purpose orientations. In addition, the indicators of personal adaptive potential and regulation of behavior increase. The program allows to regulate coping behavior strategies, as well as at the psychological and psycho-physiological levels it helps to improve the attention functions and the level of performance.

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