On Carpathisms and Balkanisms in the Bulgarian dialects of the South Ukraine: sheep breeding terminology

The article studies Carpathisms and Balkanisms of the Bulgarian transmigratory dialects of the South of Ukraine. The research aims at determining the corpus of the Carpatho-Ukrainian and Bulgarian lexical parallels on the material of the Bulgarian transmigratory dialects of the south of Ukraine. The author has studied the entries in the dictionaries of Bukovyna and Hutsul dialects to record more more than a thousand lexical Carpathisms and Balkanisms that function in the Bulgarian transmigratory dialects of the south of Ukraine. It has been established that the “sheep breeding” lexical-semantic group in the Bulgarian transmigratory dialects of Southern Ukraine features a significant number of lexemes of the Transcarpathian-South Slavic area, including names of sheep by age and gender, names of sheep pens, and names of shepherd's clothes. Among them, there are Carpathisms and Balkanisms with different meanings in Carpathian and Bulgarian transmigratory dialects. The Bulgarian dialects of the south of Ukraine as an integral part of the Bulgarian language continuum are to be involved in the analysis of various types of Balkanisms and Carpathisms. A general corpus of lexical and semantic units of different genesis, functioning in the Carpathian-Balkan area dialects, suggests the development of a special linguistic community that is typologically close to a “linguistic area”, yet existing on the lexico-semantic level only. Therefore, the Bulgarian transmigratory dialects, as well as the Ukrainian dialects of the Carpathian zone, are to be attributed to the third rank languages of the Balkan language area.

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