Cold training of swimmers engaged in sports winter swimming
Winter swimming is a sport that requires a high degree of adaptation from athletes to low ambient temperatures. Extreme conditions of competitive activity of winter swimmers require the development of an effective system of cold training based on the laws of the organism's adaptation to cold, complex control of physical and functional state of athletes, individual character of training load regimes. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the methodology of special cold training in sports winter swimming. Analysis of scientific and methodological literature, control tests, medical and biological methods, methods of mathematical statistics were used as research methods. The study was conducted from September 2023 to April 2024 in the Winter Swimming Center "AquaiSport - Tyumen". The study involved 8 male athletes and 7 female athletes, who are members of the Tyumen region winter swimming team. The main training process was carried out in accordance with the working programs on swimming (stage of sports improvement). Special cold training was carried out in the form of additional training sessions twice a week for two hours. Swimming by different methods (2-3 sections at distances from 25 to 100 m) with intensity from 80 to 105% of the threshold of anaerobic metabolism was used as the main means. Peripheral blood supply after each cold load was restored with the help of intensive motor actions (squatting, pushups) in a warm room. According to the results of morphofunctional diagnostics and control of athletes' physical fitness during the study, sufficient and high levels of development of the subjects' leading physical qualities and the most important (for swimming activities) functional systems of the organism were established, which indicates the effectiveness of the physical training programs implemented in the training of swimmers. Implementation of the developed method of cold training promoted successful adaptation of swimmers' organisms to low ambient temperatures. The effectiveness of the method was confirmed by a reliable (p<0.01) increase in the results of the test "Swimming 50 m freestyle" in ice water by 5.3% in male athletes and by 5.5% in female athletes. Comparison of the results of control tests in the conditions of warm and ice pools showed a convergence at a reliable level (p<0.05) of test indicators by 26% in male athletes and 32% in female athletes, which can also indicate the successful adaptation of subjects to low temperatures of the aquatic environment. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
Keywords
sports winter swimming,
stage of sports perfection,
methodology of cold training,
control of functional state and physical fitness of swimmersAuthors
| Cherkasov Vladimir V. | University of Tyumen | v.v.cherkasov@utmn.ru |
| Shestakova Galina V. | Mendeleev Tobolsk Pedagogical Institute - Branch of University of Tyumen | g.v.shestakova@utmn.ru |
| Bornobaev Svyatogor N. | University of Tyumen | stud0000273563@utmn.ru |
Всего: 3
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