Stratification of phonetic and graphical means of the foreign language in ergonymy (by example of Tomsk nominations)

The topicality ofthe article is conditioned by the active processes of borrowing foreign language words into various spheres of communication, includingthe onomastic city area. The diversity of the borrowed words in the communicative city area invokes the necessity of their careful anddetailed studying. In Tomsk there function foreign language means of different language layers: graphical, phonetic, morphemic, lexical,syntax and complex. The article describes the graphical and phonetic foreign language means used in Tomsk nominations. The combinationof these means is considered reasonable: in case we deal with the transcription of the borrowed word, the vocal similarity of itsprototype in the target language is presented with Latin graphics, which is transliteration, i.e. alphabetic translation of the word. Therefore,studying graphical and phonetic foreign language means appears to be appropriate. At present there exists a difficulty to define thewords borrowed from other languages. Therefore, a short overview of basic terminological units is presented in the first part of the article:loanwords, foreign language words, ergonyms. Loan words stand for "any words and word combinations derived from other language,regardless the level of their adaptation in the target language" [Krysin 2004]. The term ergonym stands for the name for commercialassociation of people of different functional profile: cinema, shop, sport centre, restaurant, cafe, etc. In the second part classificationof Tomsk ergonyms from the point of view of phonetic and graphical foreign language means is presented: original ergonyms-loanwords - ergonyms totally not transliterated and unadapted graphically and phonetically to the target language.These ergonyms are compared to the notion of foreign loanword as they correspond graphically to their source language equivalents; graphical hybrids - ergonyms created with both Russian and foreign language graphical systems; reversives - ergonyms created with foreign language means in order to write the originally Russian words.In is concluded that the graphical and phonetic means of the foreign language in Tomsk constitute a hierarchy. It depends on the amountof words in the ergonym, the amount of foreign graphical elements, its function and its pragmatics. At the same time there exist ergonyms,which are difficult to attribute to this or that hierarchical element for the reason of their complexity in the use of foreign languagemeans

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