Revival of theory of production in modern conditions

The modern understanding of the problem of economicgrowth does not consist in search of sources of growth, which most works on the given problem are devoted to. Global economic,environmental problems the world economy and humankind face as a whole compels economic thought to reconsider its views on mostproblems, including the attitude to the real sector of economy, to the forgotten concept of production. The growth of the financial sector,the world financial crisis of recent years are the reminders that it is impossible to consider manufacture only as a black box, it is impossibleto ignore the importance of this category only because in the Marxist concept it was the major relation of production. Besides,the growth of new structural elements of production, such as, for example, production of information products or educational services,occurrence of essentially new factors of manufacture on this basis, basically demands the problem revision. At present the Russianeconomy, which underwent transformation to a new system, made it through the financial crisis, faces the problem of definition of thefurther variant of its development. The role of the production sector in new economy derives from the new understanding of its essence.The works of well-known economists K. Marx, A. Marshall, A. Smith, D. Keynes are devoted to the problem of manufacture, reproduction,productive and unproductive work. The given authors laid the foundation for understanding of these questions, generated variousapproaches to the estimation of the role of production. The two different approaches, in turn, follow two different courses: politicaleconomy of Marxism and economics. In the literature of the Soviet period much attention was paid to production; economics dealt withthis question indirectly, among other themes. In the Russian literature of the transition period, especially after the financial crisis, thequestion on the necessity of returning to this problem is raised as, for example, in the works by V. Korniakov, S. Gubanov, V. Ivanter,V. Maevsky, V.A. Medvedev. The object of the research is modern reproduction, the changes in the structure of the production sector asa real sector of modern economy. The theoretical and methodological basis of research is works of foreign and domestic experts in thefield of manufacture, reproduction, balance on macro- and micro-levels. In the work methods of marginal, logic and dialectic analyseshave been used. The most essential results and their scientific novelty consists in studying of the problems of production as major ones,but on the basis of economics methodology taking into account the modern changes in the world economic space.

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