Influence of aqua-gymnastics on the state of the circulatory system of pregnant women

The paper describes the effect of aqua-gymnastics on the state of the circulatory system of pregnant women studied by methods of cardiointervalography and rheovasography. The study was conducted twice - before and after the aqua complex. The state of the circulatory system was evaluated by rheovasography and cardiointervalography using Valens diagnostic system. According to the results of the cardiointervalography study we found that after the aqua-gemnastics there was a decrease in heart rate. This may be due to the normalisation of the regulatory action of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. The mode amplitude and tension index declined, indicating a decrease in the activity of the sympathetic nervous system and stronger parasympathetic effects on the heart. After aqua-gemnastics pregnant women show an increase in the power of fast and slow waves in the spectrum of the cardiogram rate. The power of the slow waves (vasomotor waves) describes the state of the system of regulation of the vascular tone. The power of the fast (respiratory) waves characterizes the activity of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system (efferent activity of the vagus nerve). Respiratory waves are a marker of vagus nerve modulation. The stronger spectrum of both the slow and the fast waves indicates that the regulatory effect of both divisions of the autonomic nervous system influenced by aqua-gymnastics is balanced. At the same time the regulation becomes more stable and efficient. In the second part of the paper, the influence of aqua-gymnastics on hemodynamics of pregnant women was studied by rheovasography method. There is a decrease in the value of the rheographic index. In combination with the decrease in venous return it indicates that hemodynamic supply becomes more economical. The response to the reduction of blood flow is the narrowing of the arteries of small and medium caliber as shown by the increased dicrotic index. This indicates an increase in peripheral vascular resistance. At the same time, the increase of the time of pulse wave suggests a lower tone of the large peripheral arteries and their greater flexibility. Such changes can undoubtedly be regarded as positive. This is also evidenced by the reduction in the time of the maximum systolic blood supply to the peripheral blood vessels and increase of the elasticity modulus of the arteries walls. The results lead to the following conclusions: 1. Use of aqua-gymnastics during pregnancy contributes to the normalisation of the functional state of the circulatory system, which is manifested in the reduction of the heart rate and stress index, as well as the tone of peripheral arteries. 2. Dosed physical activity is a significant factor in the normalisation of the functions of the circulatory system of pregnant women. Aqua-gymnastics is one of the most promising forms of physical activity during pregnancy

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