Features of bioelectric activity of the muscles of the lower limbs when players with musculoskeletal system disorders hit the ball

Peculiarities of the bioelectric activity of the muscles of the lower limbs when players with musculoskeletal system disorders (MDs) hit the ball are considered. When athletes with the pathology of the musculoskeletal system hit the ball with the outer side of the foot, they use the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle and athletes without this pathology use hip muscles. Players with MDs have lower maximum amplitudes of the vastus lateralis muscle (lower third) and the adductor muscle of the hip than healthy players. When hitting with the inner side of the foot athletes with MDs also have lower maximum amplitude of the bioelectric activity of the hip muscles and the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle, but increased amplitude of the bioelectric activity of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle. Thus, when players with MDs hit the ball by the inner side of the foot they involve calf muscles, especially the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle. Players without MDs mainly use m. vastus lateralis. When the ball is hit by the middle part of the instep players with MDs have reduced amplitude of the bioelectric activity of m. vastus lateralis and m. rectus femoris. Nevertheless, in comparison with the control group the experimental group shows an increase of the maximum amplitude of the bioelectric activity of the calf muscles: m. gastrocnemius, caput laterale - by 21%; m. gastrocnemius, caput mediale - by 24%. Thus, when hitting the ball by the middle part of the instep players with MDs primarily use the calf muscles (gastrocnemius, caput laterale, m. gastrocnemius, and caput mediale). Players without MDs hit the ball by the middle part of the instep due to the work of the hip muscles (m. vastus lateralis, m. rectus femoris). Thus, the study of the bioelectric muscle activity of the lower limbs showed that when hitting the ball players with MDs redistribute the load on the musculoskeletal system. Players without MDs generally use the hip muscles, while players with MDs use the calf muscles.

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