On the problem of spiritual leadership in piano schools of the countries of the Far East

The paper dwells on the systemic pattern of communicative mechanism operation in the national piano school in the Far East countries (China, Republic of Korea, Japan). Well-known works devoted to the piano school phenomenon focus on teacher - student communication. At the same time from the author's point of view the communication connected with concert artists has a generic meaning. This type of communication is suggested to be called artist - follower. In the frames of the national piano school system the leadership activities connected with both above mentioned communications is relevant to the spiritual leadership criteria. However, the role of the artist - follower communication is prior and therefore the same is the leading artist. This is because some followers consider the most famous performing musicians to be beyond certain pedagogical schools, and to embody the national art of piano. Moreover, in this case the national concept is much clearer in its sound pattern than in pedagogical work. The main ways of leadership influence on this phenomenon are emphasized in this article. The first way is defined by professional content. The second way is about the access to the so-cio-cultural space: the outstanding artist or teacher becomes a symbol embodying the values of piano art and the pattern of creative life development. The specificity of these ways depends on the typological variation of the schools. In piano schools founded after the spread of the European musical model beyond its original cultural and historical context like Japanese, Chinese and Korean piano schools, leadership influence channel plays the most important role, which is connected with the socio-cultural aspects and the greater role of the artist - follower communication. Basing on the typological analysis of spiritual leadership made by N. Zubanova, the author marked the following dominant types of piano school spiritual leaders in the countries of the Far East. The leader-hero type refers to pianists, whose artistic career is based on a heroic overcoming of professional and life barriers. The leader-expert type assumes a resource of unique knowledge; this includes key figures of world piano culture. The leader-aristocrat is a pianist whose authority is based on his/her outstanding social success. It is concluded that the personification of the mentioned types as applied to the Far East piano schools is based on the priority operation of the artist -follower communicative structure.

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