The variability of the sea surface temperature and the heat fluxes over the North Atlantic from 1975 to 2011
The interaction of the ocean and atmosphere plays an important role in the climate change. In the review of this paper we demonstrated the main relationships of the ocean-atmosphere system. For example, the atmosphere influences the characteristics of the surface ocean level, mainly, through the impact of wind, which changes the dynamic of the upper ocean level, and through the change of the cloud cover. The ocean influences the atmosphere through the turbulent fluxes of heat and moisture. The change of the sea surface temperature leads to the change of the latent and sensible heat fluxes, thereby, leads to the impact on the circulation and cloudiness. The circulation changes may occur not only in the advective and convective components of the air masses transport, but also in the changes of the cyclone characteristics which are formed over the ocean waters and continental areas. The purpose of this paper was studying the seasonal and interannual variability of the sea surface temperature, heat fluxes and their relationships over the North Atlantic for the period of the global warming from 1975 to 2011. The investigation of the hydro-meteorological variables over the North Atlantic, such as the sea surface temperature, latent and sensible heat fluxes based on the ship observation data ICOADS (International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set) with the spatial resolution 1° x 1° and monthly temporal resolution from 1960 - 2011. Calculation error of the investigated variables was determined through the standard deviation. The significance of the standard deviation was evaluated by verifying of the null hypothesis with the significance level a = 0.05. To study the temporal variability we calculated the relationships between the investigated variables based on the methods of the correlation analyses. Linear trend coefficients were determined by the regression equation with the significance level a = 0.1. Based on the ship observation data ICOADS from 1975 to 2011 we calculated the temporal variability of the sea surface temperature and the sensible and latent heat fluxes over the North Atlantic and the separate domains such as the subtropical and subpolar gyres, and the Gulf Stream current. It was established that for the period of 1975 - 2011 a significant interdecadal variability of the investigate variables is observed. For the period 2000 - 2011 the stabilization stage of this data is observed. In the subtropical gyre, the Gulf Stream and over the entire North Atlantic the sea surface temperature influences the variability of the latent heat flux. In the subpolar gyre, in contrast, the sensible and latent heat fluxes impact the change of the sea surface temperature.
Keywords
температура поверхности океана,
потоки скрытого и явного тепла,
Северная Атлантика,
sea surface temperature,
latent and sensible heat fluxes,
North AtlanticAuthors
| Moraru Evgenia I. | Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences | janey@sibmail.com |
| Loginov Sergey V. | Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences | janey@sibmail.com |
| Ippolitov Ivan I. | Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences | janey@sibmail.com |
Всего: 3
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