Effects of water-breathing exercises on the adaptation of the external respiration system of pregnant women

The research is aimed to study the effects of water-breathing exercises on the adaptation of respiratory functions of pregnant women. It is shown that the combined use of breathing exercises and aqua-gymnastics in pregnant women contributes to greater functional reserves of the respiratory system, which is manifested primarily in the increase of airway conductance. The combination of exercises in water and proper breathing is a significant factor in the normalization of pregnancy and childbirth in women. All parameters indicating the state of external respiration can be divided into three groups. The first group includes parameters describing lung volumes and capacities. Parameters for lung volumes include: breathing capacity, inspiratory reserve volume and pulmonary residual volume (the amount of air remaining in the lungs after the maximal exhale). Lung capacity parameters include: the total capacity (the amount of air present in the lungs after the maximal inhale), inspiratory capacity (the amount of air corresponding to the breathing capacity and inspiratory reserve volume), vital capacity (consisting of breathing capacity, inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume), functional residual capacity (the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a tidal - the residual air and expiratory reserve volume). The second group of parameters characterizes lung ventilation: respiratory rate, breathing capacity, respiratory minute volume, minute alveolar ventilation, maximal pulmonary breathing capacity, breathing reserve or respiratory reserves. The third group includes parameters describing the state of airway conductance: forced vital lung capacity and maximum volumetric flow rate of breathing during inhalation and exhalation. The results obtained indicate that the adaptation of the respiratory system of pregnant women with a variety of water-breathing exercises is mainly due to the parameters of the second and third groups. The results lead to the following conclusions: 1. The graduated exercise is a significant factor in normalizing pregnancy and childbirth in women. The combination of exercise in water and proper breathing is one of the most prospective forms of physical activity during pregnancy. 2. The combined use of breathing exercises and aqua-gymnastics in pregnant women contributes to the increase of functional parameters of the vital capacity and maximal pulmonary breathing capacity. 3. The use of breathing exercises combined with aqua-gymnastics does not affect the performance of the inhalation and exhalation vital capacity and Tiffno index.

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