The axiological aspects of the being of a human being: human-creating and human-destroying values

Understanding the question of the being as a question of the basis that allow to be, the authors consider the being of a human being as an objective basis or a necessary condition of human existence. Philosophers from different schools of thought try to find such a basis in biological, social or spiritual aspects of human life. If to consider a human being from the biological point of view, the similarity between humans and animals nevertheless is much larger than the difference. Besides, it is obvious that human life cannot be reduced only to the activity of a human body, although without it life is impossible. In turn, the social milieu, in which the individual exists, also does not play a crucial role in their formation as a human in every sense of the word. Consequently, bases that allow a human being to be should be looked for in the spiritual. The spiritual is something self-based, it appears in a human being neither from nature nor from society. It is possible to attribute to the spiritual the spheres of conscience, thought, empathy, good and other similar phenomena playing the role of human-creating values. The spiritual being of a human being is inseparably connected with the spiritual culture of society. Artifacts (texts) of spiritual culture first of all are intended to help humans to keep themselves in the spiritual space. At that, in the empirical reality, a human cannot be always good, honest, fair, etc. It would be equivalent to transcending a human to a superhuman (divine) state. However, a human can be truly alive only through the aspiration to the superhuman. The personality is born in such an aspiration. Personality is something that forces humans to seek the order in their life on their own basis. At the same time spiritual culture is very vulnerable and susceptible to all changes, including negative. In particular, the spiritual formation of personality now endures decisive influence of the mass culture which is based on the ideology of total possession. If any ideology occupies the entire space of human life, this life does not leave place for human-creating values, because they are shielded by ideological schemes. These schemes present a human with ready values which are given as the only true guidance. Values of the society of mass consumption often play the role of such guidance today. It is they that can be destructive for a human because they shield the true spiritual values which cannot be the object of possession and consumption.

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