Epithet in text organization and semantics mechanisms in the creativity of M. Tsvetaeva

In linguistic traditions the problem of transferred epithet generation is relevant and undeveloped in full. In the analysis of the mechanisms of transferred epithet generation the article introduces the concept of cognitive blending. Blending refers to the superposition of several overlapping senses, similar or related in meaning, relevant in this context. In the poetic context, in the works of Marina Tsvetaeva, blending of senses as part of epithets is, in the author's opinion, the main mechanism of transferred meaning, most often - metonymic. The article analyzes the semantics of epithets of quality in terms of the semantic shift of meanings during their formation, as well as epithets of non-quality nature that had the quality attribute due to metaphorization or metonymization of meanings in the condition of attribute overlap in a particular context. Multicomponent (complex) epithets, consisting of several words or stems, paired adjectives or epithet chains are also constructed by the principle of superposition of the senses of distant cognate "long relationship" (first - life, as brothers - as Mayakovsky and so on). These facts show the close attention of the poet to creating complex, occasional senses as part of the epithet and the defined word, which may indicate a feature of Marina Tsvetaeva's idiolect: attention to attributive words. Appositive and qualitative types of epithets demonstrate non-standard values, as well as unusual compatibility properties of the epithet and the noun it modifies. It is terminologically difficult to determine the mechanism of generation of this type of epithets, as it combines metaphor and metonymy. The term "reflected metonymy" expresses only one aspect of their formation: reflection in the epithet of an attribute of an associative word, close to the meaning of the epithet and correlated with an attribute of a similar / adjacent determinant. Several epithets, their set shows the poet works with the meaning of attributes, reveal the mechanism of epithet formation, as associative substantives which have close meanings in the situation are used along with the epithet. In the formation of a single-component epithet, the mechanism of its formation becomes dim, obscure, since a substantive with a similar meaning is not named, and the attribute is applied to one of the meanings (attributes) of an associated concept. From the above it can be concluded that the superposition of senses as part of a one-component, multi-component and other types of epithets is a basic cognitive process in the formation of the epithet in the works of Marina Tsvetaeva. It is quite productive, which allows speaking of it as an idiostyle feature of Tsvetaeva's creativity. From the earlier observations on the language of Marina Tsvetaeva, it may be concluded that the poet pays special attention to adjectival epithet, she builds non-standard epithets (block epithet, cognitive epithet, adjective metonymy, etc.). The epithet and its context is unique in the work of M. Tsvetaeva.

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