The problem of objective knowledge in the context of various intellectual situations

There exists a statement that positive knowledge appealing to the elimination of "inappropriate" segments of the reality relevant for us endows such a reality model with discrepancy of a high level. The "positive " knowledge disguises such a situation by means of qualifying everything irrational as senseless. Here we can speak about the use of the inherited principle of medieval tradition. That is why at this stage postmodernism discourse is an attempt of overcoming of extremely negative social and cultural contradiction of the rational and the irrational. Intellectual situations are a structured model of the reality, which in a way is a projection of a constituent basis; one can consider any intellectual situation as a projection of the cognizer, the basis of which is the so-called cognized object (reality) from the positive knowledge point of view. The problem is that intellectual situations are not repeated: there are schemes, but the possibility of their modification determines the possibility for further creation of a new intellectual situation as a theoretical system. It is the basis, including presuppositions, that determines the possibility of intellectual situation as an argumentative relations system of various elements from the point of view of some concrete knowledge paradigm. That is why a scientist, a theologian and even an artist will never be able to use the so-called copies or samples of intellectual situations. Presupposition always constructs a new ensemble of relations in any concrete case by means of introduction and usage of new elements and their configurations. Fact reconstructing, as well as reality model constructing, is a process, which can be not only refuted, but also recognized as partially or fully inappropriate to the existing knowledge standards. The existing standards of the present can equal to neither the past nor the future. That is why there appears quite a natural problem of foundations or, rather, their metaphysical status in the context of various models of reality. The object as an invariant of the fact predetermines the "sphere of allowable meanings" of a model. The model beyond the reality is nonsense. The model is real, because it is determined by the reality for the cognizer. So the fact is the object of " impact" and the subject of "action" at once.

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