Transcendence and transgression in scientific discourse

Science is one of the globalizing discourses. Discourses of this type focus on intention to integrate diverse ways of existence into its sphere and to constitute an integrated existential sphere - objective reality. Science is not one of the types of cognitive or social activities, but the most powerful globalizing discourse that defines the way of being and the meaning of all things, and constitutes the integrated space of objective reality. Any things existent in this area become fixed, static and self-identical, strictly delimited from any other things existent. Transcendence finally asserts its superiority over transgression. In this way (by way of elimination of transgression), things become objective. The content of the objective world is things existent, fixed in their certainty, referring to invariant structures - laws. Simultaneously with the opening of the space of reality, there occurs a constitution of a negative Other that does not correspond to the basic intentions of scientific discourse and, therefore, should be disclosed as a second member of the "real -unreal" opposition. The specificity of scientific discourse is to establish the perspective of objective reality. Produced by scientific discourse, the space of objective reality is the effect of this discourse. Classical science aims to eliminate the perspective of transgression and is characterized by the assertion of transcendence. Therefore, scientific discourse bases on the standard metaphysical model. This model assumes the denial of formation and difference (transgression) and the assertion of being and identity (transcendence). The difference between scientific discourse and metaphysics in its pure form is that science must prove its speculative constructions by direct representation in the objective world (empirically). But this distinction is purely formal and does not negate the fact that in its classic version scientific discourse is a modification of metaphysics. Transgression becomes integrated into the space of scientific discourse at the level of content. It characterizes the distinctive feature of the present stage of science development. In this case, scientific discourse itself continues to operate in the mode of transcendence. Scientific discourse retains the fundamental orientation on the formation of a universal perspective which covers all levels of existence (the project of creating a "unified theory of everything" is relevant for modern physics). Scientific discourse enters transgression only in crisis situations. In this case, scientific discourse is unbalanced. Borders of its constituted certainty are violated. Fixed certainty dissolves in the flow of formation and transformation of self-organizing systems, transforms into a moment that exists between the points of bifurcation.

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