Influence of biomechanical characteristics of hitting on the balance function quality and aerobic capacity of beginning athletes

In the analysis of the scientific and methodological literature on boxing, it was noted that during the improvement of hitting, one of the main factors of coordination abilities is the completion of a movement in a particular position. An optimal, adequately indicated position of parts of the body in the final phase of a punch must be strictly observed in terms of its biomechanical characteristics. In the study of literature the authors highlighted that hits in volleyball are not connected with the strictly regulated position of the legs and body after attacking hits. The hit in volleyball is made separately from the point of support in most cases. Referring to the opinion of some researchers, the authors noted that the different specificity of hitting involves the use of various forms of motor-coordination capabilities improvement of beginning athletes who practice sport games and martial arts. Comparing the covered distance in 12 minutes of cross-country running, the authors recorded the prevalence of beginning boxers and volleyball players, the results of the boxers were 21 % better than the control values, but there were no similar results with the volleyball players. In the study of aerobic capacity, the authors observed the following facts. When comparing the values of VO2 max for 12 min., the results of the boxers were 26.5 % better than the control values. The beginning volleyball players showed no reliable significant differences with the control values. Considering the fact that the athletes of all the experimental groups were aged 18-19, the value of an adequate VO2 max in all the test groups were equivalent. Comparing the percentage of actual VO2 max after 12 min. of aerobic exercise to the adequate VO2 max, the authors noted the results of the boxers were 26.6 % better than the control values. Similar values of the volleyball players exceeded the control results, yet there were no reliable significant differences with the control values. All of the above suggests that the beginning volleyball players do not have the necessary speed and power capabilities that qualitatively affect the values of aerobic capacity. Comparing the indicators that reflect the static balance, the authors noted the following facts. The beginning boxers' values in Romberg's Test were 128.1 % higher than the control values, 65.9 % higher than the values of the volleyball players. The values of the volleyball players were 37.5 % higher than the control values. Thus, the authors have made an assumption that the specificity of the competitive activity in the total and the specificity of hitting in particular provide the beginning boxers with an optimal value of dynamic balance, which qualitatively affects the results that reflect the function of static balance in Romberg's Test. Values of the beginning volleyball players, on the contrary, do not provide stability in the Crow pose (Bakasana). Conclusions. 1. The resources aimed at developing functional abilities of the beginning volleyball players are not enough; they require substantial correction and must be increased. 2. Hitting actions with different motor specificity affect the functional development of the organism in different directions, as evidenced from a variety of physiological indicators.

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