Autocorrection as a strategy of interaction between the speaker and the listener

The phenomenon of cooperation (T.G. Vinokur) underlying speech behavior means a mutual orientation of the communicants. For the speech sender interaction between the speaker and the listener means playing both communicative roles (the addresser and the addressee) and controlling his/her speech during this process at the same time. The basis of autocorrection this way is a conscious attitude to speech activity. In this study, the author makes an attempt to present the types of autocorrection in oral speech, to designate the speaker's motives underlying his/her speech behavior (autocorrection) and to explore the functional loa of different types of autocorrection. The research was conducted on the basis of spontaneous oral speech. Two types of autocorrection are characterized: 1) semantic autocorrection and 2) autocorrection with no connection to semantic changes of a statement. Semantic autocorrection occurs when the speaker estimates his/her speech behavior as unsatisfactory in terms of information content. In this case, autocorrec-tion is "prevention" of misunderstanding of the listener. The pragmatic aim of the speaker is to add, to explain and to interpret. Thus, semantic autocorrection has a distinct "addresser - addressee" character (I^S/he). Type II autocorrection is used by the speaker to control speech quality: this is a reaction to the violation of the common language and literary standards, as well as a means of changing the stylistic tone of speech in accordance with the expectations of the listener. The pragmatic aim of autocorrection is determined not only by focus on the listener but also by the speaker's intention to show his/her language/communicative competence which leads to the "addresser - addresser - addressee" character of autocorrection (I^I^S/he). The study results confirm the fact that the addressee factor affects the speech behavior of the speaker. This leads to the following conclusions: 1) autocorrection in the speech chain derives from the speaker's purpose of communicative cooperation; 2) the functional load of autocorrection is determined by the need to control, on the one hand, the quality of information (type I autocorrection), on the other hand, the quality of speech (type II autocorrection).

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