The tactics of preparation for the search and investigative actions on arrival at the place of search

Traditionally, researchers in forensics note that upon arriving on the studied territory, the investigator: 1) assists in the remediation of crimes endangering victims and other persons; 2) assists in the in the remediation of crimes threatening material objects; 3) checks the quality of the implemented measures for the preservation of the traces of the crime; 4) decides on the need in additional measures aimed at the preservation of the traces of the crime; 5) obtains background information about the crime and the actions of public officials and witnesses on the scene; 6) explains the rights and responsibilities to the participants of search and investigative actions. The complex of tactical and forensic tasks at this stage consists in the analysis of the initial information, selection of the optimal search method, search optimization in relation to a particular site, search potential optimization of the participants of search and investigative actions. The basic principle of organizing the activities of the investigator in conducting the examination of the scene is united command over the examination. In addition to the investigator, operational staff, experts, specialists participate in the examination / search. United command over the examination / search will prevent from uncoordinated actions that may damage the traces and change the position and the status of certain objects. The investigator plans the examination / search, allocates responsibilities among its members, defines the borders of the territory subject to examination / search and the direction of movement. The group works effectively in cases where there is an analytical and coordination center that coordinates actions of participants of search and investigative actions and appropriateness of their actions. There is another reason for the desirability of avoiding anarchy in the examination of the scene. The search and intellectual capacity of the group is not the sum of the search and intellectual components of its participants, but rather the capacity of the least developed member of the group, which can be neutralized by the principle of the unity of command. Studies on the optimal search method in a criminal investigation have a rather poor history. It is at the initial stage of formation of tactical and forensic recommendations, when it became clear that the usual, unsystematic and chaotic search is unacceptable in the investigation of crimes. Initially, objective and subjective ways of search were distinguished, mostly adapted to the conditions of the investigatory examination. These algorithms are somehow present in modern forensics in the form of the full and selective search methods which, of course, cannot be considered appropriate. Merely all experts in forensics allocate eccentric, concentric and frontal search methods; their content and problems of application are considered in the article.

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