Current charitable activities and their motivation

This article discusses the relevance of the study of charitable activities that began in pre-revolutionary Russia and continues in modern Russian research, as well as the study of the motives of this phenomenon. It is argued that the provision of social welfare to the population is one of the guarantees of the state to its citizens. In our country, this kind of responsibility is expressed in the conduct of a targeted state social policy in the Russian Federation in order to reduce social risks and, in practice, is a fairly complex chain of state institutions. However, there are non-state mechanisms that serve this purpose, which include charitable organizations. Analysis was conducted of charitable activities as an instrument of social well-being in modern Russia through the mechanisms of its institutionalization which include the normative and legal regulation and support of this type of activities, and forms of their implementation. Analysis was conducted of charity as a social and cultural phenomenon that should be regarded as a prerequisite for the formation of specific social needs in the process of historical development in new types of social activities and their respective political and social conditions, and, as a consequence, the emergence and development of some of the necessary organizational structures, as well as related value-regulatory standards and social norms. The article analyzes the paradigms of charitable activities designated by modern Russian researchers, the motivational components of this phenomenon, and also features of the formation and structure of such a phenomenon as a "motivational field". There have been problems that are directly related to the study of the motivational field of charitable activities. Analysis of the motivational field shows that there is no consensus on its constituents among researchers. Many of its components are not reflected by all researchers involved in this issue. It is shown that despite a long history, widespread advertising, educational activities and some regulatory support, charity is still not widespread. In this regard is accented the need to transform the existing passive motivational field into its active components. Therefore, there is a need for charity to occupy a prominent place in the system of social values of our society. The article concludes that the studies analyzed do not fully reveal the essential aspects of the phenomenon (due to the polarity of the semantic load of charity both as a concept and as an activity), and, thus, it requires further careful study and analysis of the results.

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