State policy in fish industry development in the north of Western Siberia in 1950s-1970s

The importance of biological resources for society is unquestionable. We can analyze them not only as origins for survival but as subject for historical and ecological research. It gives a possibility to analyze the system of nature management in historical past. In this case, we can research history of state policy in the sphere of fish industry developing in the North of Western Siberia in the 1950s-1970s. Fish industry played an important role in the economy of the North of Western Siberia in the beginning of the 1950s. But process of developing of this type of industry had some problems. First of all, fishing process had seasonal characteristics because most species in the Ob-Irtysh region were passing. In the second, it was the specific hydrological regime of the Ob and Irtysh rivers. This specificity includes the so-called "zamor". "Zamor" is a period of time when the concentration of oxygen in water is very small and, as a result, fish die. Although not only factors of migration of species and hydrological regime made the problem for developing fish industry. Another factor is forest procurement. In this time forest industry made serious problems for fishing because forest organizations sent wood float. As a result of this process, many rivers were littered. The factor of often head changes made a bad influence. Thus, the region had a lot of competing fishing organizations. The Soviet government tried to change situation in the beginning of the 1960s. The first step was an independent management in fish industry. Departments of fishing industry were created in the region. Such a decision gave an opportunity to form an effective management system of fish industry in the region. The second step was new rules of fishing in 1962. They registered more serious punishment for illegal fishing, and obliged regional fish protection organizations to recover water bodies. The third step concerned oil- and gas-extracting organizations which were to have filters at their plants for neutralizing toxic waste from them and for providing ecological security of drilling. The conclusion is that in the process of economic development of the region, biological resources are replaced by mineral resources (oil, gas), yet fish industry development saw serious changes in the new rules of fishing, in using special filters in plants, in an effective system of management.

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