The ecological-geochemical state of Lake Shunet and its surroundings (Republic of Khakassia)
Lake Shunet is located in the south-western part of the Chebakova-Balahtinskiy hollow in the Minusinsk intermontane trough 10 km South-West of the resort Lake Shira. The host rocks are Lower Devonian sedimentary rocks of the Biskarskas series, magmatic formations of which have contrasting trachyrhyolite(trachydacite)-basaltic composition. The water surface area of the lake is 0.46 km , maximum depth of it is 6.7 m, the absolute mark of water level is 418.2 m. The lake is endorheic, on the southern bank a small freshwater key flows into it. The water of Lake Shunet belongs to highly mineralized (24,55 g/dm ) chloride-sulphate sodium-magnesium waters. The absence of toxic contaminant nitrite and nitrate ions is marked in the lake water. The sanitary-bacteriological condition of the lake water is regarded as safe. The main value of Lake Shunet is its medical mud. Silty sediments of Lake Shunet contain sulfides, organic matter. These sediments relate to medium mineralized middle-sulphide silt curative muds by their key physical-chemical parameters. Silt deposits of the lake meet sanitary standards for therapeutic mud both by the titer of the coliform bacteria and by the titer of perfringens clostridia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ecological situation on sanitary-microbiological criteria is satisfactory. Agrolandscape zones practically do not have a negative impact on the lake water and bottom sediments because of the limited cattle grazing on local pastures. The predominant type of soil is chernozem, south and ordinary, but because the lake is surrounded by fairly high ridges and hills, there are complex combinations of chernozem with mountain and poorly developed soils. Salinity type is mainly chloride-sulphate. The comparison of background values with soil clark by A.P. Vinogradov shows that the soil in the nature conservation areas of Lake Shunet is enriched in Li, Cu, Mo, V, Sr, Ba, but poor in Ni, Zr, Y, Ga, Be, U, Th. The concentration coefficients, calculated on the maximum values and normalized on MPC, are higher than one for: Sr (1,7), V (2,7), Ni (1,6), Cu (1,7), Zn (1,4), Sn (1,3), Mo (1,5). The total value of the pollution index is 4,9, which corresponds to the acceptable level of pollution.
Keywords
озеро Шунет, озерная вода, лечебные грязи, почвы, уровень загрязнения, Lake Shunet, lake water, curative mud, soils, level of pollution, Republic of Khakassia, Республика ХакасияAuthors
| Name | Organization | |
| Makarenko Nikolay A. | Tomsk State University | geokart@ggf.tsu.ru |
| Arkhipova Natalia V. | Tomsk State University | arhipovanv@ggf.tsu.ru |
References
The ecological-geochemical state of Lake Shunet and its surroundings (Republic of Khakassia) | Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta – Tomsk State University Journal. 2015. № 400.