On the method of multivariate factor analysis, the inclusion of small-scale peasant economy of Western Siberia at the turn of the 20th century in market relations

The paper used factor analysis to sample typical farms of farming and livestock specialization of v. Baltinskaya, v. Novo-Porosskaya, Oyashinskaya volost of Tomsk uezd, in Tomsk Province by the materials of the Tomsk Provincial Agricultural Census 1901. Such farms were gradually included in the commodity-money relations on the basis of small-scale market. At the turn of the 20th century, Western Siberia entered the process of agricultural modernization. Siberian peasants, based on traditional family values, actively joined the all-Russian capitalist market. Gradually the material and technical base of farms, the level of marketability changed, new economic and industrial links were formed. Traditional economic relations gradually gave way to the commodity-market relations. The internal economic structure of farms gradually developed and acquired new socio-cultural traits. System analysis allows identifying the level and extent of involvement of farms in agrarian relations, exploring their economic nature. Mathematical methods play a significant role in the structure of system analysis. A study of the internal structure of farms in the West Siberian region can be based on mathematical methods such as correlation, regression and factor analysis. Correlation analysis gives the degree of connection of various components of peasant farms; regression reflects the shape and form of dependence of major economic components. Factor analysis reveals the inner structure of farms in more detail. In this article, factor analysis is applied to study the above-mentioned selected farms. Factor analysis was made on a random sample of data array of 183 farming and cattle-breeding farms. Factor analysis is based on the pair regression-correlation analysis. Pairs with the largest possible correlation coefficient were grouped into parameters. Depending on how the parameters grouped, each factor received a certain name. Thus, the internal structure of farms in the West Siberian region of the late 19th - early 20th centuries reflected their involvement in the economic relations of two economic subsystems. The traditional, family-consumer system formed the basis, the core of economic relations. However, the impact of commodity-capitalist relations stimulated the formation of an adaptive subsystem of farms and their gradual entry into the commodity market, through small-scale farming.

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