Russian loanwords in the Dictionary of the Dialects of Siberian Tatars by D.G. Tumasheva

The article analyzes Russian loanwords in the dialects of the Siberian Tatars on the material of Slovar' dialektov sibirskikh tatar [Dictionary of the Dialects of Siberian Tatars] by D.G. Tumasheva published in 1992 in Kazan. D.G. Tumasheva identified three subdialects in the dialects of the Siberian Tatars living in Tyumen, Omsk, Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Kemerovo Oblasts: the Tobol and Irtysh (with Tyumen, Tobolsk, Tevriz (Kurdak), Tarsk and Zabolotny dialects), Barabinsk and Tomsk (with Eushtino-Chatsk, Kal-mak dialects and Orsk Chat subdialect). The dictionary included the vocabulary D.G. Tumasheva collected during field expeditions in the 1940s-1960s and words from the following sources: Obraztsy narodnoy literatury tyurkskikh plemen [The Samples of Folk Literature of Turkic Tribes] (1872) by V.V. Radlov, Slovar' rossiysko-tatarskiy, sobrannyy v Tobol'skom glavnom narodnom uchilishche uchitelem tatarskogo yazyka Iosifom Giganovym i mullami yurtovskimi osvidetel 'stvovanny [Russian-Tatar Dictionary collected in Tobolsk by I. Giganov and certified by Yurtov mullahs] (1801) by I. Giganov, Sravnitel'nyy analiz turetsko-tatarskikh narechiy [Comparative Dictionary of the Turkish-Tatar Dialects] (1869-1971) by L.Z. Budagov, Yazyk Barabinskikh tatar [Dialect of the Baraba Tatars] (1981) by L.V. Dmitrieva, Osobennosti razvitiya slovarnogo sostava pri dialektno-yazykovom smeshenii [Features of the vocabulary of the language with mixed dialects] (1959, 1964) by M.A. Abdurakhmanov, Dialekt zapadnosibirskikh tatar [Dialect of West Siberian Tatars] (1963) by G.Kh. Akhatov. There are 93 lexemes in the dictionary borrowed from the Russian language, including European loanwords that entered the Siberian Tatar dialects through the Russian language: minasyэ - bad weather; ystan - threshing floor; ру1эуэу im - cannabis; кэ^э - rutabaga; kulanuk - Siberian striped weasel; kunapil - bench; palatpash -loft; putpal - basement, etc. The article briefly describes the features of the phonetic and prosodic systems of the Tatar language. The phonetic features of the identified Russian loanwords are studied, examples of positional changes of sounds and substitution of vowels and consonants are given. Russian loanwords changed graphically under the influence of synharmonism and the phonetic rules of the Tatar language. There is an exchange of consonants due to the replacement of the Russian language sounds with sounds close to the native language (v-p, b-p, z-s, zh-sh, f-p, g-k, kh-k, f-m, ch-ts, zh-sh). There is an exchange of the following vowels (the first syllable: e-э, e-u, o-i, o-a, o-y, o-u; the second syllable: a-э, o-u, o-a, e-i, e-э; and at the end of the word: a-э, o-э). The following Russian loanwords were assimilated: putpal - basement, kэtkэ - small tub, mulatuk - hammer, kэrtYkэ - potatoes, kYlэsэ - wheel, etc. The following combinatorial sound changes were noted: epenthesis, prosthesis, epithesis and dieresis. The stress falls according to the rules of the Tatar prosodic system. At the same time, there are cases of putting the stress on the first and second syllables.

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