The semantic field of time in the idiolect of the language personality of the old resident of Siberia: boundaries and the structure

The article discusses the category of time in the idiolect of a folk speech culture representative. Time is an important element of any picture of the world. The concept of time permeates language and all our consciousness as a whole, and, therefore, belongs to the defining categories of human consciousness. All levels of the language system can express the idea of time. However, the lexical level of the language takes the priority position in the description of a language picture of the world. The category is marked by various lexical means that have a complex semantics. So, it is necessary to develop clear criteria for the inclusion of units in the analysis area. The use of the definitional analysis of units is the most productive in the modeling of the field "Time". The availability in the meaning of the seme "time" or its synonyms was the main criterion for word selection. The Complete Dictionary of the Dialect Language Personality served as a source of research. Analysis of the material allows constructing a model of the field consisting of the core, the center, the periphery. But the field of time has unclear boundaries, the members included in its composition are unequal. Lexical units with the direct meaning of temporality constitute the core of the field. It is invariant units: seasons, months, days of the week, part of the day. The central part of the field includes units that also have distinctive semes besides the seme of time. Units with a connotative meaning (evaluation) are in the center of the field too. The material also allows structuring the core and center in the form of four types of time: physical, biological, social and cultural. Physical time is the main type; it exists objectively and determines all processes and phenomena in human life. A person as a living creature fits into the continuum of the biological existence. Biological time characterizes periods of human existence from birth to death. A person exists in a social context; s/he performs various social roles. Social time reflects the dynamics of the development of society as a whole and of the individual in it. Another aspect of human existence is linked to cultural traditions, that is to cultural time. Holiday acts as the central expression of this type of time in peasant culture. Units intersecting with adjacent fields, in particular with the field of weather, activities and space, are located at the periphery. Their relationship with time is not so clear. An important role is played by the context of the use of the unit in the simulation peripheral space; it gives a more complete picture of its semantics. The model allows identifying the specifics of the field "Time" and interpreting the material in the aspect of a language picture of the world.

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